RADIATION - FLASHCARDS - NAT 5 PHYSICS

SUMMARY OF THE RADIATION UNIT

What is Radiation?

When an unstable atom emits particles to try and stabilise itself

What is Activity?

The number of Decays per second

What is the Absorbed Dose?

The number of joules of energy absorbed per KG of tissue

What is the Exposed Dose Rate?

A measure of the biological effect of radiation in a certain time frame

What is Exposed Dose?

The measure of a radiation’s biological effect

What is the Feighing factor?

How dangerous the Radiation is

What are the 3 main types of Radiation?

Gamma, Beta, and Alpha

What is Gamma radiation?

An Electromagnetic Wave

What is Beta radiation?

Fast moving Electrons

What is Alpha radiation?

Nucleus of a Helium Atom

What is Ionisation?

When an atom Loses or Gains an Electron

What is the Half-life?

The amount of time it takes for a Source’s Activity to decrease by Half

What is Nuclear Fission?

When a nuclei splits after being hit with neutrons, the energy released boils water that spins a turbine. Boron rots are used to absorb excess neutrons, and graphite is used to slow the neutrons to enable Fission

What is Nuclear Fusion?

When two small nuclei collide in plasma to create a heavy nucleus, but the mass of the heavy nucleus is less than the sum of the two nuclei

What are 3 examples of Background Radiation?

Radon gas, cosmic radiation, rocks

What is the average Equivelant dose of a regular person?

1mSv

What is the average Equivelant dose of a person working in a field involving Radiation?

20mSv

What are 3 things that affect the Radiation’s biological effect?

Time of exposure, type of radiation, and type of tissue exposed

What are 3 safety measures to take when handling Radiation?

Minimise time spent with source, keeping source away from other people, using tongs