Face, Scalp, Fossa

space filled by the temporal lobe

temporal fossa

space that can be palpated behind your ear

mastoid process

the part of the mandible that articulates with the temporal bone

head of the mandible

process that the temporalis muscle attaches to

coronoid fossa

what foramans that are within the sphenoid

foramen rotundum and foramen ovale

the fossa on the temporal bone where the head of the mandible sits

mandibular fossa

a small hole in the temporal bone between the styloid and mastoid process

stylomastoid foramen

SCALP mnemonic

skin, connective tissue, aponeurosis, loose connective tissue, pericranium

what is able to spread easily in the loose connective tissue layer

blood or infection

with head trauma, why can fluids accumulate in the eyelids and cause eccymosis (periorbital hematoma)

the loose connective tissue layer

infections can spread to the cranial cavity through ______ veins

emissary

orbicular oculi has two parts

orbital (closing eye) and palpebral (winking or squint)

depresses the mandible; tenses skin or inferior face and nack

Platysma

All of the motor innervation for the muscles of face movement

facial nerve

All of the sensory innervation for the muscles of the face

Trigeminal (CN V)

Which nerve does sensory information of the bridge & dorsum of the nose, superior eyelid, and anterior 2/3rd of the scalp

Ophthalmic (CN V1)

what does the trigeminal nerve primarily do

provide sensory information to the face

which nerve provides sensory innervation to the lateral nose, inferior eyelid, superior lip, anterior temporal region

Maxillary (CN V2)

which nerve provides sensory innervation to the inferior lip, chin, inferior cheek, posterior temporal region, tragus of auricle

Mandibular (CN V3)

which provides sensory innervation to the parotid region, angle of the mandible, lobe of auricle, scalp posterior to the auricle

great auricular and lesser occipital nerves (part of anterior rami)

what nerves provides the sensory innervation to the posterior 1/3 of the scalp and inferior occipital region

greater occipital and third occipital (posterior ramus)

sudden attack of intense facial pain that commonly involves the maxillary and mandibular nerves

Trigeminal neuralgia

the facial, occipital, posterior auricular, maxillary, and superficial temporal arteries are all supplied by

external carotid branches

the occipital a. provides 2 branches to the forehead and anterior scalp, where does it orginate

internal carotid artery

the facial vein drains into the ______

internal jugular

What veins drain into the external jugular vein

superficial temporal, maxillary, posterior auricular, retromandibular

what is a valveless network that receives drainage from angular, infraorbital, and deep facial veins

Pterygoid plexus

the Pterygoid plexus drains into

maxillary vein and cavernous sinus

there are no lymph nodes in the

face and scalp

Drainage to superficial ring of nodes at

The junction of the head and neck

largest of the three paired salivary glands located anterioinferior to the external acoustic meatus

Parotid glans

what nerves are embedded in the parotid gland

facial nerve plexus & proximal motor branches

The parotid gland has parasympathetic motor innervation from the

lesser petrosal branch of glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

superior to the sygomatic arch overlying the frontal, parietal, sphenoid and temporal bones. includes the pterion and houses the temporalis muscle

Temporal fossa

irregularly shaped space inferior and deep to the zygomatic arch and is continuous with the temporal fossa

Infratemporal fossa

muscle that bilaterally protrubes the mandible and unilaterally and alternately produces side to side movement of the mandible

Lateral pterygoid

elevates and protrudes;unilaterally and alternately produces side to side movement of the mandible

Medial pterygoid

Elevated and protrudes the mandible

Masseter

Elevates; posterior fibers retract

Temporalis

what are the muscles of the infratemporal fossa

lateral pterygoid, medial pterygoid, temporalis

what are the arteries of the infratemporal fossa

maxillary artery and its branches

what are the nerves of the infratemporal fossa

mandibular nerve (V3) and branches, otic ganglion, chorda tympani

what are the veins of the infratemporal fossa

maxillary veins & branches, pterygoid plexus

What bilaterally protrudes the mandible; unilaterally & alternately produces side to side grinding movement

Lateral pterygoid

what bilaterally elevates and protrudes the mandible; unilaterally & alternately produces side-to-side grinding movement

Medial pterygoid

modified hinge joint between condylar head of the mandible and mandibular fossa of temporal bone

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

dislocation of TMJ can injure what nerves

branches of auriculotemporal or facial nerves

The middle meningeal artery comes off the ________and goes through the foramen spinosum

madibular artery

What are the parts of the mandibular artery

mandibular, pterygoid, pterygopalatine

What arteries come off of the first part of the maxillary artery

deep auricular a., tympanic, inferior alveolar , and middle meningeal

the second part of the maxillary artery supplies

muscles of mastication

the third part of the maxillary artery supplies

all superior alveolar and pterygopalatine fossa branches

what supplies the sensory innervation of the skin and mucosal of the cheek (Buccal)

Buccal (CN V3 Mandibular n.)

The lingual branch of the mandibular n. (V3) supplies sensory innervation to what part of the tongue

anterior 2/3rd

what supplied sensory innervation to the mandibular teeth and gums

inferior alveolar n. (branch of V3)

what provides sensory innervation to the lower lip skin & mucosa, chin skin

Mental n (branch of V3)

provides sensory innervation of the parotid gland, TMJ, posterior temporal region, tragus of auricle, external acoustic meatus, and tympanic membrane

Auriculotemportal (branch of V3)

what are the mandibular nerve motor branches

preganglionic parasympathetic fibers in chorda tympani (CN VII) synapes with postgnaglionic neurons in the __________

submandibular ganglion

postganglionic parasympathetic fibers ride on branches of the lingual nerve to stimulate

submandibular, sublingual, and other minor salivary glands

what provides taste to the anterior 2/3rd of the tounge

chorda tympani

lesion of lingual nerve proximal to chorda tympani, sugar cube test

lack of sensation, taste preserved

lesion of the chorda tympani prior to lingual nerve, sugar test

lack of taste, sensation preserved

lesion where chorda tympani and lingual nerve run together, sugar test

no taste, no sensation

what is the nerve associated with the otic ganglion

Lesser petrosal nerve

the lesser petrosal nerve synapses with postganglionic neurons in the ______

otic ganglion

once the preganglionic parasympathetics synape at the otic ganglion it then rides the auriculotemporal nerve to provide secretomoter to the __________

parotid gland

The infratemporal fossa communicates with the pterygipalatine fossa via

the pterygomaxillary fissure

within the pterygopalatine fossa is the ________ ganglion

pterygopalatine

pterygopalatine ganglion is functionally associated with which nerve

facial nerve

the genticulate ganglion is the ______ ganglion of the facial nerve

sensory

The ________ comes off of the geniculate ganglion

greater petrosal nerve

parasympathetic → _______ petrosal nerve

sympathetics → ______ petrosal nerve

greater; deep

postganglion parasympathetics ride on the zygomatic never and the lacrimal nerve to reach the lacrinal gland to stimulate _________

tear production

If there is sympathetics in the head they are post ganglionic and have already synapsed in the

superior cervical ganglia