Carbon and Nitrogen cycles (biology igcse edexcel made iwth chat gpt

Carbon cycle

The movement of carbon between the atmosphere, living organisms and the environment

Carbon dioxide

A gas containing carbon that is taken in by plants during photosynthesis

Photosynthesis

The process in which plants use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen

Respiration

The process that releases energy from glucose and produces carbon dioxide in aerobic respiration

Decomposition

The breakdown of dead organisms and waste by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi

Combustion

The burning of a substance in oxygen, releasing carbon dioxide

Fossil fuels

Fuels formed from the remains of organisms over millions of years

Carbon cycle

Carbon dioxide to plants to animals to dead organisms and waste to decomposers to carbon dioxide

Carbon cycle via fossil fuels

Carbon dioxide to plants to dead organisms to fossil fuels to combustion to carbon dioxide

Photosynthesis in carbon cycle

Carbon dioxide to glucose in plants

Feeding in carbon cycle

Plants to animals

Respiration in carbon cycle

Glucose to carbon dioxide

Decomposition in carbon cycle

Dead organisms and waste to carbon dioxide

Combustion in carbon cycle

Fossil fuels and wood to carbon dioxide

Nitrogen cycle

The movement of nitrogen between the atmosphere, soil and living organisms

Nitrogen gas

The form of nitrogen found in the atmosphere which plants cannot directly use

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria

Bacteria that convert atmospheric nitrogen into nitrogen compounds that can eventually be used by plants

Nitrates

Nitrogen-containing compounds in the soil that plants absorb through their roots

Assimilation

The uptake of nitrate ions by plants and their use to make amino acids and proteins

Amino acids

Molecules that are joined together to form proteins

Proteins

Nitrogen-containing biological molecules needed for growth and repair

Decomposers

Microorganisms that break down dead organisms and waste, releasing nitrogen compounds into the soil

Nitrifying bacteria

Bacteria that convert ammonia or ammonium compounds into nitrites and then nitrates

Denitrifying bacteria

Bacteria that convert nitrates into nitrogen gas

Nitrogen fixation

Atmospheric nitrogen to nitrogen compounds in the soil

Plant uptake

Nitrates in soil to plants

Protein formation

Nitrates to amino acids to proteins

Feeding in nitrogen cycle

Plants to animals

Death and waste in nitrogen cycle

Plants and animals to dead organisms and waste

Decomposition in nitrogen cycle

Dead organisms and waste to ammonia or ammonium compounds

Nitrification

Ammonia or ammonium compounds to nitrites to nitrates by bacteria

Denitrification

Nitrates to atmospheric nitrogen

Nitrogen cycle

Atmospheric nitrogen to nitrogen fixation to nitrogen compounds in soil to nitrates to plants to animals to dead organisms and waste to decomposition to ammonia or ammonium compounds to nitrification to nitrates to denitrification to atmospheric nitrogen

Nitrogen cycle plant pathway

Nitrates to plants to amino acids to proteins

Nitrogen cycle animal pathway

Plants to animals to proteins

Nitrogen cycle bacterial pathway

Atmospheric nitrogen to nitrogen-fixing bacteria to nitrogen compounds to nitrifying bacteria to nitrates to denitrifying bacteria to atmospheric nitrogen