Theories

Who made Constructivism?

John Dewey and Maria Montessori

What is Constructivism?

Learners activelt build their own instruction

How is Constructivism used?

Hands-on learning, inquiry, problem solving, students explain what they are doing

Why use Constructivism?

So students do more than receive information

Who invented Behaviorism?

BF Skinner and John Watson

What is Behaviorism?

Behavior is shaped by what happened before and after it

How is Behaviorism used?

Use praise, rewards, consequences, repetition, and practice

Why use Behaviorism?

So teachers can intentionally shape behavior and build productive habits

Who invented the Social Learning Theory?

Albert Bandura

What is the Social Learning Theory?

We learn by watching people and may imitate what we see

How to use the Social Learning Theory?

Teacher modeling, peer mentoring, demonstrators, cooperative learning.

Why use the Social Learning Theory?

Students are always watching and learning from each other

Who invented the Cognitive Development Theory?

Jean Piaget

What is the Cognitive Development Theory?

Children’s thinking develops and changes as they grow

How to use the Cognitive Development Theory?

Developmentally Appropriate Activities, concrete examples before abstract concepts, expectations match readiness

Why use the Cognitive Development Theory?

We cannot expect students to act like adults or older students; meet them where they are

Who invented the Sociocultural Theory

Lev Vygotsky

What is the SocioCultural Theory?

Learning happens through interaction with people and it is influence by context and culture

How to use the Sociocultural Theory?

scaffolding, guided practice, working within ZPD, discussion, gradual release, peer collaboration

Why use the Sociocultural Theory?

Students learn through interaction and support.

Who invented the Personal Needs Theory?

Abraham Maslow

What is the Personal Needs Theory?

Only when needs are met can students have the energy and ability to take risks, reasons, and advance in their learning.

What are the levels of Maslows pyramid?

physiological needs, safety and security, love and belonging, self-esteem, self-actualization

Who invented the Self-Determination Theory?

Deci and Ryan

What is the Self-Determination Theory?

The student feels in control of his own choices

What are the three parts of the Self-Determination Theory?

Autonomy, Competence, and Relatedness

What is autonomy?

students need to feel ownership of their behaviors and goals

What is competence?

Students need to feel that they have mastered skills and have the ability to meet goals

What is relatedness?

students need to feel that they belong to a group

Who invented Choice Theory?

William Glasser

What is Choice Theory?

our behavior is always our best attempt at the time to satisfy at least five powerful forces

What are the five powerful forces in Choice Theory?

Survival, Belonging, Power, Freedom, Fun