Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders

Reactive Attachment Disorder

A pattern of emotionally withdrawn behavior in which a child rarely or minimally seeks or responds to comfort from caregivers.

Symptoms - before 5 years old , Child must be at least 9 months

What is the age requirement for RAD diagnosis

Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder

A pattern in which a child actively approaches and interacts with unfamiliar adults in an overly familiar and culturally inappropriate way.

9 months

A diagnosis of disinhibited social engagement disorder should not be made before children are developmentally able to form selective attachments. For this reason, the child must have a developmental age of at least

Criterion A of PTSD

Exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence in one (or more) of the following ways:

1. Directly experiencing the traumatic event(s).

2. Witnessing, in person, the event(s) as it occurred to

others.

3. Learning that the traumatic event(s) occurred to a close family member or close friend. In cases of actual or threatened death of a family member or friend, the event(s) must have been violent or accidental.

4. Experiencing repeated or extreme exposure to aversive details of the traumatic event(s) (e.g., first responders collecting human remains; police officers repeatedly exposed to details of child abuse).

Note: Criterion A4 does not apply to exposure through electronic media, television, movies, or pictures, unless this exposure is work related.

more than 1 month

In PTSD, duration of the disturbance (Criteria B, C, D, and E) is how long?

Criterion B of PTSD

Presence of one (or more) of the following intrusion symptoms associated with the traumatic event(s)

Criterion C of PTSD

Persistent avoidance of stimuli associated with the traumatic event(s), beginning after the traumatic event(s) occurred

Criterion D of PTSD

Negative alterations in cognitions and mood associated with the traumatic event(s)

Acute Stress Disorder

Exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or

sexual violence in one (or more) of the folowing ways:

1. Directly experiencing the traumatic event(s).

2. Witnessing, in person, the event(s) as it occurred to

others.

Lasts for 1 month

3 days to 1 month

Duration of the disturbance in acute stress disorder is?

Adjustment Disorders

is a psychological response to a common stressor (e.g., divorce, death of a loved one, loss of a job) that results in clinically significant behavioral or emotional symptoms

within 3 months of the stressor

when is the onset of adjustment disorder?

6 months

In adjustment disorder, symptoms do not persist longer than ______

Intrusion

Recurrent reexperiencing of the traumat ic event through nightmares, intrusive images, and physiological reactivity to reminders of the trauma.

Avoidance

Efforts to avoid thoughts, feelings, or re minders of the trauma.

Negative alterations in cognitions and mood

This includes such symptoms as feelings of detachment as well as negative emotional states such as shame or an ger, or distorted blame of oneself or others

Arousal and reactivity

Hypervigilance, excessive response when startled, aggression, and reckless behavior.

prolonged exposure

The patient is asked to vividly recount the traumatic event over and over until there is a decrease in his or her emotional responses. This procedure also involves repeated or extended exposure, either in vivo or in the imagination, to feared (but objectively harmless) stimuli that the patient is avoiding because of trauma-related fear

After 1 month of trauma

when does the symptom last for PTSD?

can last for years

How long can PTSD last

Prolonged Grief Disorder

represents a prolonged maladaptive grief reaction that can be diagnosed only after at least 12 months have elapsed since the death of someone with whom the bereaved had a close relationship

6 months

How long should the symptoms be for prolonged grief disorder in children and adolescence?