module 10 section 2

neruopathies

diseases of the peripheral nerves

neruopathies affect the body’s ability of?

motor, sensory, autonomic function

myelpathy

disease that affects the spinal cord

radiculopathy

affect the nerve root of spinal cord

radicul/o

nerve root

scaitica radiculopathy affecting?

sciatic nerve root in the back

hydrocephalus

build up fluid in the brain englarging it

what fluid being disrupted cause hydrocephalus?

CSF(circulation of cerebrospinal fluod)

spinal bifida

when vertebral column fail to close completely

what is the milder disorder of spinal bifida?

spinal bifida occulta

spinal bifida occulta, the occulta means?

defect that is hidden

How can spinal bifida occulta be identified?

skin depression or tuff hair in the lumbar spine area

what is more serious version of spinal bifida?

spinal bifida cystica

spinal bifida cystica can form a meningocele which is?

herniation of the meninges

spinal bifida cystica can form myelomeningocele which is?

both spinal cord and meanings protrude

spinal bifida cystica is often associated with?

hydrocephalus

encepalitis

inflammation to the brain

patients with AID(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) and dementia with encehalitits is called?

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) encephalopathy

meningitis

inflammation of the meninges

Symptoms of meningitis includes, severe headache, fever . .. ?

neck stiffness or nuchal rigidity

herpes zoster or shingles has painful interruption is that is viral infection that affects the?

the peripheral nerves,

radiculitis

inflammation the root nerves of spinal nerve

polyneruitis

inflammation involving many of related neurons

radicultits often results with loss of function and?

polyneruitits

meningioms

tumor formed in meninges

gliomas

tumor formed from neruoglia

what the types of gliomas(3)?

astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas, and glioblastoma multiforme

astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas, and glioblastoma multiforme are 3 types of glioma whish the most maligang rapid growing? What is composed of?

glioblastoma multiforme composed of part of immature neuroglia

amytrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) or Lou Gehrig disease is when?

motor neurons becomes incapable of transmitting impulses weakening skeletal muscle 

ALS and other name is?

amytropic lateral sclerosis , other name is Lou Gehrig disease

ALS(Amytropic lateral sclerosis) people eventually have diffculty with?

speaking, swallowing, and breathing

Huntington disease is? Its characteristics are? 

genetic transmitted disorder, involeuntary, dancelife movement

dopamine is a neurotransmitter that? And?

neurotransmitterin, Effect on movement.

parkison disease involves?

loss of neurons in the midbrain and lack of production of dopamine(neurotransmitter) 

tourette syndrome is a neurologic condition that associated with excess?

excess or hypersensitivity to dopamine 

tics

the spasmodic blinking and twitching of facial muscles

kinesi/o, kines/o, -kinesia, -kinesis all mean?

movements

dyskenesia

involuntary spasmodic movements

myasthenia gravis (MG) 

chronic autoimmune disorder in which?

motor neurons fail to transmit impulses to muscles to contraction, loss of muscle strength 

What is one possible reason for Myasthenia gravis(MG) to occur due the neurotransmitter? 

neurotransmitter acetylcholine 

palsy is a abnormal condition characterized by?

Paralysis

cerebral palsy(CP) is a neurologic disorder, with symptoms that are present? What is the main cause believed to be?

present at birth or short after, with the brain believed to be that main organ that causes it?

bell palsy involves the paralysis of the which nerve?

seventh cranial nerve

The nerve that is involved in the bell palsy paralysis concerns symptoms of?

faical movment and taste sensation, and usually unilateral

bell palsy is often accompanied with?

herpes simplex vesicles

Alzheimer disease(AD) is a progressive neurologic condition that similar to?

Dementia

AD

Alzheimer disease

Alzheimer disease symptoms are?

confusion, memory failure, disorientation personality change, speech disturbance, inability to do purposeful movement

Epilepsy is group of disorders that involve?

abnormal discharge of electrical activity nerve cells in the cerebral cortex

seizures are are sudden uncontrollable bursts of?

activity from neurons 

syncope or fainting is?

temporary loss or cutting off of consciousness from the sudden lack of blood flow to the brain.

Tonic-clonic seizures or ictal events involves involuntary?

involves involuntary muscle contraction, or rigidity  

Absence seziures or petit mal seizures are characterized by?

momentary alternation in consciousness

postictal is the events?

after the seizure

multiple sclerosis is progressive disorder where?

When myelin sheath surrounding the brain and spinal cord is destroyed

As myelin is destroyed in multiple sclerosis(MS) it is replaced by?

hardened areas of scar tissue causing impulses to be transmitted slowed 

aura

unusual sensory sensation

dysphasia

speech impairment

aphasia

lose of ability to speak

Cerebral aneurysm

weakness in the wall of the blood vessels in the brain

concussion is a?

violent shake of brain, no damage, minor injury

comat/o

deep sleep

comatose

patient being a sleep and can’t be awaked

irreversible coma, “brain dead” reading on electroencephalogram(EEG) is?

flat

paresthesia

abnormal sensation of tingling, burning

analgesic

no sensitive to pain

-algesia

pain

alges/o

pain

contusion is type of major head injury that?

bruising of brain tissue caused by blunt trauma to brain and skull fracture

Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or Cercerebral infarction or stroke?

When normal supply of blood to the brain is interrupted 

Thrombosis is the most common reason for a stroke, being knowing as thrombotic stroke, thrombosis is?

clot or the hardening of fatty deposits in the blood vessels 

embolism the 2nd cause of stroke, is when?

movement of clot from from outside the brain site through the bloodstream, typically from heart

cerebral hemorrhage is the 3rd common cause of stroke, involves?

bleeding withing brain ruptured cerebral blood vessel 

aneurysm

bulge or dilates in the wall in the blood vessel 

hemiplegia

paralysis is on one side of the body 

paraplegia

paralysis of the legs and lower portion of the body

quadriplegia and tetraplegia

refer to paralysis of all four limbs

hemiparesis and monoparesis is slight paralysis that affecting?

half of the body and one limb

—paresis and —plegia both mean

paralysis

mono—

one

aphasia and dysphasia represent degrees of? Which is more severe

speech impairment, aphasia is more severe

motor aphasia is when?

patient knows what they want to say but can pronounce the words

sensory aphasia is when someone has?

difficulty understanding language, pronouncing words but no using them appropriately

gradual occlusion of a blood vessel may be signaled by?

transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)(temporary flow stopped from the brain )

transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)

temporary flow stopped from brain

TIAs

temporary flow stopped from brain

cephalgia is medical term for?

head pain, headache

causalgia

burning pain in nerve

caus/o

burning

migraine  

unilateral headache  

photophobia is associated with a migraine, photophobia is?

sensitivity to light

phonophobia

sensitivity to sound