Unit One Biology 10 Study Guide
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21 Terms
Xylem cells
The cells in a plant that provide support/stability and transport water and minerals.
Springwood
The xylem cells in a plant that are bigger and thinner, better at carrying water and minerals.
Summerwood
The xylem cells in a plant that are smaller but thicker and better at providing support and stability.
Heartwood
Towards the middle of the trunk; dirty, old, clogged; can’t carry water and minerals.
Sapwood
Towards the outside of the trunk; clean, new, open.
What are the five kingdoms of organisms?
Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Monera, and Protista.
Ecology
The study of interactions that living organisms have with other living organisms and with the nonliving parts of the environment.
Organism
A living individual.
Species
All of the individuals of a specific type of organism that can breed and produce fertile offspring.
Population
All the individuals of a single species living together in a specific area.
Community
All the populations of an area that are interacting with each other.
Ecosystem
A total community plus the nonliving parts of the environment that are all interacting with each other.
Photosynthesis
The process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen.
Stoma
A pore in a leaf that allows for gas exchange and transpiration.
Transpiration
The process by which plants lose water through their stomata.
Energy Transformation
Energy can change forms or be transformed, but it can never be created nor destroyed.
Matter
Matter can change forms or be transferred, but it can never be created or destroyed.
Cellular respiration formula
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6H2O + 6CO2 + released energy.
Producer
An organism that uses chemical or solar energy to build organic compounds from inorganic items in the environment.
Decomposers
An organism that feeds on detritus, which includes dead organisms and waste.
What is primary succession?
The sequential changes in a community that begin with no soil present.