CBIO 2200 Tissue Types (Epthelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous)

simple squamous epithelium

function: permits rapid diffusion or transport of substances

location: alveoli, endothelium, serosa, segments of kidney tubules, lining of blood capillaries

simple cuboidal epithelium

function: absorption/secretion and mucus production/movement

location: liver, thyroid, mammary and salivary glands (ducts), bronchioles, kidney tubules

simple columnar epithelium

function: absorption/secretion of molecules; secretion of mucus

• utlizes microvilli and cilia to move molecules

location: lining of GI tract, uterus, kidneys, uterine tubes

pseudostratified epithelium

function: secretes and propels mucus

location: respiratory tract and portions of male urethra

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

function: resists abrasion; prevents dehydration and microbial invasion

location: epidermis; palms of hands and soles of feet

non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

function: resists abrasion and pathogen penetration, but found in moist, internal environments

location: tongue, esophagus, vagina

stratified cuboidal epithelium

function: secretes sweat; produces sperm and ovarian hormones

location: sweat gland ducts, ovarian follicules, seminiferous tubules

transitional epithelium (distended and non-distended)

function: allows for filling of the urinary tract

location: ureters and bladder

areolar loose connective

function: wraps and cushions organs, plays important role in inflammation, holds and conveys tissue fluid

location: dermis of skin, around organs, between muscles

adipose (fat)

function: protection, insulation, reserve fuel

location: deep to skin, around eyes, abdomen, breasts

reticular loose connective

function: forms supportive stroma (framework) for lymphatic organs

location: lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, bone marrow

dense regular connective

function: strength in one direction

location: ligaments (bone to bone) and tendons (muscle to bone)

dense irregular connective

function: strength in all directions

location: joint capsule, under skin (dermis), around some organs

dense elastic connective

function: strength with stretch and recoil

location: large arteries of the heart

hyaline cartilage

function: eases joint movement, holds airway open, moves vocal cords, growth of juvenile long bones

• strong without being compressed

• fine collagen fibers

locations: articular cartilage (ends of bones), costal cartilage (ribcage), trachea, larynx, fetal skeleton

elastic cartilage

function: provides flexible, elastic support

• strong resist compression with flexibility

• abundance of elastic fibers

location: external ear and epiglottis

fibrocartilage

function: resists compression and absorbs shock

• strongest at resisting compression

• large, coarse bundles of collagen fibers

location: pubic symphysis, meniscus in knee, intervertebral discs

compact bone

function: protection, support, mineral storage

location: external surface of all bone

spongy bone

function: site of blood cell formation

location: bone marrow, interior of bone

blood

function: transports nutrients, hormone, etc.

location: in blood vessels

skeletal muscle

function: voluntary movement, manipulation of the body in reaction to environment, facial expression

• voluntary control

location: attached to bones and occasionally the skin

cardiac muscle

function: as it contracts, it propels blood into the circulation

• involuntary control

location: walls of the heart

smooth muscle

function: propels substances or objects (food, urine, a baby) along internal passageways

• involuntary control

location: walls of hollow organs

nervous tissue

function: transmit electrical signals from sensory receptors and to effectors (muscles and glands) which control their activity

location: brain, spinal cord, and nerves