Gross Anatomy II Exam 3

Renal vein

Renal artery

Renal pelvis

MACA: What structures make up the renal hilum?

Renal vein

Ureter

Renal artery

Renal pelvis

Nephrons

Renal duct

D) Renal artery

What structure provides blood to the kidney?

A) Superior mesentaric artery

B) Suprarenal artery

C) Celiac trunk/artery

D) Renal artery

B) Abdominal aorta

What structure does the gonadal arteries branch from?

A) Inferior mesentaric artery

B) Abdominal aorta

C) Internal iliac artery

D) Common iliac artery

D) internal oblique m

What is not a component of the posterior abdominal wall?

A) 12th rib

B) Iliacus muscle

C) diaphragm

D) internal oblique m

True

T/F: The absence of the psoas minor is common in humans

B) lumbar plexus

Which nerve is responsible for the innervation of the quadratus lumborum muscle?

A) sacral plexus

B) lumbar plexus

C) sciatic nerve

D) femoral nerve

C) dome-shaped

What is the shape of the diaphragm?

A) flat

B) round

C) dome-shaped

D) oval

B) two

How many diaphragm crus are there?

A) one

B) two

C) three

D) four

A) an opening in diaphragm

What is the aortic hiatus?

A) an opening in diaphragm

B) a nerve in abdomen

C) a blood vessel

D) a muscle in chest

A) stomach pushing through diaphragm

What is a hiatal hernia?

A) stomach pushing through diaphragm

B) inflammation of the esophagus

C) blockage in the small intestine

D) enlarged liver

75%

mortality rate in congenital hiatal hernia?

B) sciatic

(has input from lumbar and sacral plexus)

What is the largest nerve in the lumbar plexus?

A) femoral

B) sciatic

C) obturator

D) ilioinguinal

A) anterior and posterior

Which divisions are part of the lumbar plexus?

A) anterior and posterior

B) medial and lateral

C) proximal and distal

D) superior and inferior

A) obturator

Which nerve originates from the ventral rami of L2-L4 spinal nerves?

A) obturator

B) femoral

C) genitofemoral

D) ilioinguinal

A) adrenal glands

Which organ is located directly above the kidneys?

A) adrenal glands

B) heart

C) liver

D) lungs

A) renal cortex

What part of the kidney is closer to the spine?

A) renal cortex

B) renal sinus

C) renal pelvis

D) renal medulla

A) renal artery

Which blood vessels supply oxygenated blood to the kidneys?

A) renal artery

B) pulmonary artery

C) coronary artery

D) hepatic artery

B) filtering waste from blood

*urine is byproduct -- not main function*

*will also help with BP regulation but not main function*

What is the main function of the kidneys?

A) producing urine

B) filtering waste from blood

C) producing red blood cells

D) regulating blood pressure

C) cortex

What is the outermost layer of the kidney called?

A) nephron

B) pelvis

C) cortex

D) medulla

B) central cavity of the kidney

What is the renal sinus?

A) inner layer of the kidney

B) central cavity of the kidney

C) blood vessels of the kidney

D) outer layer of the kidney

A) transport urine to the bladder

What is the function of the ureter?

A) transport urine to the bladder

B) produce urine

C) store urine

D) filter waste from the blood

C) right side

Which side of the body does the inferior vena cava run along?

A) left side

B) back side

C) right side

D) front side

greater

The superior gluteal artery and nerve emerge from the pelvic cavity through the ______________ sciatic foramen just superior to the piriformis.

gluteus maximus

Which of the following muscles in NOT innervated by the superior gluteal nerve?

gluteus maximus

gluteus medius

gluteus minimus

tensor fascia lata

B) piriformis

Which muscle is the most superior of the hip intrinsic muscles?

A) obturator internus

B) piriformis

C) obturator externus

D) quadratus femoris

E) superior gemelli

B) gluteus medius

Which muscle is highlighted in pink on this transverse cross section of the pelvis?

A) gluteus minimus

B) gluteus medius

C) gluteus maximus

D) piriformis

E) tensor fascia lata

inferiorly

Typically the sciatic nerve emerges _________ relative to the piriformis muscle.

superiorly

laterally

through

inferiorly

medial

long head of biceps femoris

what muscle would you expect to see the sciatic nerve disappear under after identifying it near the piriformis?

femoral

The popliteal artery and vein are continuations of which artery and vein?

A) femoral

B) superior gluteal

C) sciatic

D) external iliac

A) tibial nerve

B) common peroneal nerve

Near the popliteal fossa, the sciatic nerve splits into which of the following nerves? Select all that apply.

A) tibial nerve

B) common peroneal nerve

C) cutaneous nerve of the thigh

D) femoral nerve

a. It attaches to the iliolumbar ligament and the posterior part of the iliac crest

Select the correct statement about quadratus lumborum:

a. It attaches to the iliolumbar ligament and the posterior part of the iliac crest

b. Inserts into the spinous processes of the L1 to L4 vertebrae

c. Elevates the 12th rib during forced inspiration

d. Is innervated by the dorsal rami of the T12 to L3 spinal nerves

a. The subpubic angle is wider than in the male pelvis

Select the correct statement regarding the female pelvis.

a. The subpubic angle is wider than in the male pelvis

b. The distance between the ischial spines is shorter than in the male pelvis

c. The pelvic cavity is funnel-shaped

d. Muscular markings are more prominent than in the male pelvis

d. L5/S1 intervertebral disc

The common iliac artery begins at the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta and terminates at the level of the ...

a. Vertebral body of L4

b. Upper margin of the greater sciatic foramen

c. Inguinal ligament

d. L5/S1 intervertebral disc

c. Anterior

The prostate is located _____________________ to the rectum.

a. Lateral

b. Posterior

c. Anterior

d. Medial

b. Ventral ... L4 to S4

The sacral plexus is formed by fibers from the ________________ rami of the __________________ spinal nerves.

a. Ventral ... S1 to S5

b. Ventral ... L4 to S4

c. Dorsal ... S1 to S5

d. Dorsal ... L4 to S4

c. Interosseous sacroiliac ligament

Which ligament provides the greatest strength to the sacroiliac joint?

a. Anterior sacroiliac ligament

b. Iliolumbar ligament

c. Interosseous sacroiliac ligament

d. Lumbosacral ligament

d. Levator ani

Which muscle separates the pelvic cavity from the perineum?

a. Piriformis

b. Obturator internus

c. Iliacus

d. Levator ani

b. Ischiopubic ramus

Which of the following forms the anterolateral border of the pelvic outlet?

a. Superior ramus of the pubis

b. Ischiopubic ramus

c. Sacrotuberous ligament

d. Sacrospinous ligament

a. Paraumbilical vein

Which of the following is the portal vein tributary that contributes to the formation of caput Medusae?

a. Paraumbilical vein

b. Left gastric vein

c. Hemiazygos vein

d. Superficial epigastric vein

d. Round ligament of the uterus

Which of the following ligaments passes through the inguinal canal in the female?

a. Broad ligament

b. Suspensory ligament of the ovary

c. Proper ovarian ligament

d. Round ligament of the uterus