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what is the one compartment model
it is where everything happens in one place e.g the drug goes into the IV as a bolus solution & then straight into the blood, then the drug then goes out by the kidney & is excreted through urine. it is not metabolised
what is the two compartment model
it is when the compartment is split into 2, the central compartment e.g liver and the peripheral compartment like the fat. So after injection, drugs spread through the central compartment(fast) then moves into the peripheral tissue (slow) which is then eliminated
what is clearance
clearance is how much volume of blood is completely cleared per unit time
what is the volume of distribution
it predicts the concentration for a given amount of drug in the body
what is first order elimination
it is the more drug you have it the body, the faster it get eliminated
so rate of elimination = -dC/dt=kelim x C and in liner form InC(t)=InC(0) - kelim x t
how do you find half-life (t1/2) from a graph
half life is the time it takes for the drug concentration to drop to half. so
Select any large concentration (eg 80 µg/mL)- draw a horizontal line from y = 80 µg/mL to the curve- draw a vertical line from the intercept to the x axis- read off the time (t80 THEN Calculate half the chosen large concentration (eg 40 µg/mL)- draw a horizontal line from y = 40 µg/mL to the curve- draw a vertical line from the intercept to the x axis- read off the time and LASTLY The half-life of the drug in the plasma (t1/2) = t80µg/mL- t40µg/mL = 4.58 - 1.12 = 3.46 hours
what happens to half-life if clearance increases
it decreases
what happens to half life is volume of distribution
half-life increases