wk7- calculation pk parameters

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8 Terms

1
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what is the one compartment model

it is where everything happens in one place e.g the drug goes into the IV as a bolus solution & then straight into the blood, then the drug then goes out by the kidney & is excreted through urine. it is not metabolised

2
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what is the two compartment model

it is when the compartment is split into 2, the central compartment e.g liver and the peripheral compartment like the fat. So after injection, drugs spread through the central compartment(fast) then moves into the peripheral tissue (slow) which is then eliminated

3
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what is clearance

clearance is how much volume of blood is completely cleared per unit time

4
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what is the volume of distribution

it predicts the concentration for a given amount of drug in the body

5
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what is first order elimination

it is the more drug you have it the body, the faster it get eliminated

so rate of elimination = -dC/dt=kelim x C and in liner form InC(t)=InC(0) - kelim x t

6
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how do you find half-life (t1/2) from a graph

half life is the time it takes for the drug concentration to drop to half. so

Select any large concentration (eg 80 µg/mL)- draw a horizontal line from y = 80 µg/mL to the curve- draw a vertical line from the intercept to the x axis- read off the time (t80 THEN Calculate half the chosen large concentration (eg 40 µg/mL)- draw a horizontal line from y = 40 µg/mL to the curve- draw a vertical line from the intercept to the x axis- read off the time and LASTLY The half-life of the drug in the plasma (t1/2) = t80µg/mL- t40µg/mL = 4.58 - 1.12 = 3.46 hours

7
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what happens to half-life if clearance increases

it decreases

8
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what happens to half life is volume of distribution

half-life increases