cohesion (how we link things to create meaning)

lexical choice

• synonymy 

• antonymy

• hyponym (word)

• hypernym (large category)

ellipsis (omission of words)

repetition

substitution (alternative words are used instead of the original)

collocation (words that typically appear next to each other)

adverbials (words that provide info often in relation to time, place, manner)

conjunctions

• coordinators

• subordinators

information flow (how speakers convey meaning by organizing their language to effectively communicate)

• front focus (when new or important info is placed at the front of a sentence)

• clefting (the modification of the syntax of a sentence to emphasise an element)

• end focus (when new or important info is placed at the end of a sentence

reference (using an expression to refer to another word)

• anaphoric reference (when someone refers to something previously mentioned)

• cataphoric reference (when someone uses a pronoun or other expression to refer to something that will be mentioned later)

• deictic reference (expression used in relation to the context) ‘this, they, previous’