Ap Psychology: History and Perspectives

Foundations, Psychologists, Reasearch Studies, etc.

what is psychology?

the scientific study of behavior and mental processes

psyche

the soul

ology

the study of

psychologies roots with philosophy and physiology

combines philosophies deep questions with physiologies physical measurements

nature

we are born the way we are

nurture

enviornmental factors explain behavior

psychologist

behavorial interventions

psychiatrist

medical doctor who prescribes medicine

René Descartes

rationalism and inborn knowledge

John Locke

empiricism and tabula rasa

empiricism

all knowledge comes from experience and observation

tabula rasa

we are born as a blank slate

Wilhelm Wundt

first psychology lab and introspection

introspection

self observation and seeing mental processes in immediate experiences

first psychology lab

1876 in germany

Edward Titchener

structuralism

structuralism

sensation and perception, what do you see?

Darwin

functionalism

functionalism

what is the purpose of thinking, why do you see

Max Wertheimer

gestalt psychology, so human mind as whole not parts

Mary Whiton Calkins

first female APA president

Margaret Floy Washbum

first women to earn p\sychology Ph.p

Edward Bradford Titchener

wundts student, introduces introspection

Biological

how the brain nervous system and genetics influence our behavior

Behaviorism

all behavior is learned, emotions like fear can be conditioned

Pavlov

classical condition

John B Watson

first behaviorist, little albert

Skinner

operant conditioning, reinforcement and punishment

cognitive

thinking, how we process, story and use information using memories, our mind is like a computer

Jean Piaget - cognitive

children construct their understanding of the world as they grow

psychodynamic/psychoanalytic

consious vs unconsiousness, sexual repression, dreams, unresolves childhood conflict

Sigmond Freud

freudian slips, sexual repression

Humanistic

reaching our full potential, self actualization, Maslow hierarchy of needs, unconditional positive regard, Carl rogers

Evolutionary

charles darwin, survival of the fittest, instinct, inherit

socio-cultural

society and culture influence on behavior

operant conditioning

reinforcement and punishement

observational learning

learning new behaviors form watching other people do it bobo the doll

Modeling

learning new behaviors form copying others

Bandura

bobo the doll

watson and Rayner

little albert

Solomon Asch

confomity change answer to fit in

skinner

operant conditioning

Harry Harlow

attachment and contact comfort

descartesm locke wundt James tichener Watson skinner bandura

name order of the psychologist

Rosenhan

psychiatric labels

psychiatric label

once a person receives a psychiatric label people will view normal behavior as weird