Chapter 12: Political Socialization, Ideology, and Public Opinion

________, who may informally and unintentionally exercise influence due to their position, expertise, or personality.

Opinion leaders

It is shaped by ________ and socialization, and can be analyzed according to distribution, intensity, and stability.

political culture

________, which inform the public about issues and help set the political and public agendas.

Mass media

________ helped develop the scientific polling process that includes random sampling, valid questions, controlled polling, and accurate reporting of results.

George Gallup

________: all people should have the same opportunities to compete and achieve.

Equality of opportunity

A(n) ________ is a consistent set of beliefs about politics and public policy.

ideology

________ advocates a return to a previous state of affairs, often an earlier social order or government.

Reactionary ideology

________ is the process by which individuals develop a sense of political identity, which begins in childhood and continues throughout life.

Political socialization

Globalization has also influenced ________ by increasing the degree to which the United States influences, and is influenced by, the ideals and values of other nations.

American politics

________: private businesses operate in competition and free of government control; capitalism.

Free enterprise

________ is an unavoidable error in statistical analysis caused by choosing a sample that does not reflect the entire population.

Sampling error

________ favors rapid and fundamental change and is willing to resort to extreme means.

Radical ideology

private businesses operate in competition and free of government control; capitalism

Free enterprise

the powers of government are restricted in a democracy by the will of the people and the law

Limited government