(2B) FTCC CNA 1: Modules F-I and Module AA

Dignity

Quality of state of being worthy of esteem or self-respect

Empathy

Identifying with and understanding the feelings of another, without feeling sorry for the person

The nurse aide assists a resident in taking a bath. He explained the procedure and was patient with the resident during the task. What is the nurse aide demonstrating?

Dignity

Adaptive devices (assistive devices)

Special euiptment that helps a disabled or ill resident perform ADL's

Amputation

Surgical removal of a body part

Basic restorative care

Care provided after the resident's highest possible functioning is restored (rehabilitation) following illness or injury

Bladder/bowel training

Measures taken to restore function of voiding and defecating by resident, with ultimate goal of continence, usually takes 8-10 weeks

Defecation

Process of emptying the rectum of feces

Enema

The introduction of fluid into the colon to eliminate stool or feces or stimulate bowel activity

Functional loss

Partial or complete loss of the function of a body part

Incontinence

The inability to control urination or defecation

Orthotic device

A device that helps support and align a limb, improve its functioning, and help prevent or correct specific deformities.

Prosthetic device

Artificial replacement for a body part that is missing or deformed; improves person's function and/or appearance.

Rehabilitation

Restoration of a residents highest possible functioning following illness or injury

Supportive device

Special equipment that helps a disabled or ill resident with movement. Examples: Canes, walkers, crutches

Urination (voiding)

Process of emptying the bladder

A goal of restorative care is _______

Independence (Maintain restored function to the highest level of functioning possible)

Alignment (posture)

How the head, trunk, arms, and legs are aligned with one another, when the back is straight

Base of support

Foundation that supports an object (the feet are the base of support for the body)

Body mechanics

Efficient and safe use of the body by the coordination of body alignment, balance, and movement

Center of gravity

Point where most weight is concentrated for an object or body

Fowler's position

Resident reclined in a sitting position, at 45 to 60 degrees

High Fowler's position

Resident sitting up almost straight, at 60-90 degrees

Lateral Position

Resident positioned on right or left

Prone position

Resident positioned on abdomen

Sims position

Resident positioned in left side lying position. The resident is placed in this position for the introduction of an Enema.

Supine position

Resident positioned flat on back

ABC's of correct body mechanics include...

keeping an object close to the body, point feet in the direction you are moving, good base of support, do not twist at the waist (alignment, base of support, and coordination)

Definition: Any lesion caused by unrelieved pressure that results in damage to underlying tissues

Stage 1: Intact skin; redness over bony prominence

Stage 2: Skin loss (partial-thickness); may see a blister or shallow reddish-pink ulcer; the blister may be intact or open

Stage 3: Skin loss (Full-thickness). Skin gone; may see subcutaneous fat; slough (dead soft tissue, often moist and varies in color- white, yellow, green, or tan, loose or attached to the skin.

Stage 4: Full-thickness skin and tissue loss with muscle, tendon, and bone exposed, slough and eschar (thick, leathery, dead tissue that may be loose or attached to the skin), often black or brown

Pressure Injury (Ulcer) (Stages 1-4)

Normal skin changes due to aging

Thinner, drier, more fragile, loss of elasticity, fatty layer decreases so resident feels colder, hair thins/grays, folds, lines, wrinkles, nails harden/become brittle, reduced circulation, skin tags, warts, moles

Normal musculoskeletal changes due to aging

Muscels weaken, lose tone; bones lose density and become brittle, stiff joints, less flexibility; height decreases; slowed reaction time, agility, and endurance; poorer response to stimuli, pain with movement

Normal nuerological changes due to aging

Loss of nerve/brain cells; slowed response/reflex time; forgetfulness; sesitivity to heat/cold; appetite decreases, some hearing loss/vision decreases; reduced blood flow to the brain

Normal cardiovascular changes due to aging

Heart muscle less efficient, blood pumps with less force, arteries lose elasticity and become narrow, blood pressure increases

Before applying any prosthetic device, the Nurse Aide should...

Check the resident's skin for reddened areas, sores, or skin breakdown.

Examples of a prosthetic device

Implanted lens, cochlear implant, hip prosthesis, artificial body part such as a leg or hand

Examples of an orthotic device

Artificial eye, eyeglasses, contact lenses, hearing aid, artificial breast, fitted brace for a weakened body part, device for use with amputation

Examples of an assistive (adaptive) device

Wedge-shaped pillows,heel protectors, plate guards to keep food from falling off during mealtime. Zipper pull, button fastener.

Normal gastrointestinal changes due to aging

Decreased number of taste buds, slowing peristalsis causing constipation, slower absorption of nutrients, loss of bowel muscle tone/sphincter muscle tone

Peristalsis

The wavelike muscular contractions of the alimentary canal or other tubular structures by which contents are forced onward toward the opening

Normal urinary system changes due to aging

Decreased kidney size and ability to filter blood; decreased capacity, elasticity, muscle tone of bladder; decreased ability to concentrate urine; difficulty/incomplete emptying of bladder; enlargement of prostate in males

Abduction

Moving a body part away from the midline

Adduction

Moving a body part toward the midline

Diabetes Mellitus

Disorder of carbohydrate metabolism with decreased insulin production from the pancreas

The Nurse Aide has an option to push, pull, or lift a heavy box..the BEST option is for the Nurse Aide to...

Push the box

Urinary system

The filtering system of the body, responsible for ridding the body of waste products from the blood

Endocrine system

System of glands that secreate chemicals directly into the bloodstream to regulate body functions

Normal pulse range for an adult

60-100 BPM

Normal respiratory changes due to aging

Muscles weaken, lung tissue gradually becomes less elastic, shortness of breath upon exertion, lung capacity decreases, oxygen in blood decreases, muscles of the diaphragm weaken

Normal blood presssure range for adults

Systolic: 90-119/Diastolic: 60-79

Normal repsiratory rate for adults

12-20 breaths per minute

Hematuria

Blood in the urine

Neurological system

The control and message center of the body

Anemia

Low red blood cell count

The structure in which urine passes through between the kidneys and the bladder

Ureters

Bradycardia is a fast heart rate. True or False?

False. Bradycardia is a slow heart rate.

Pulse rate is 128 beats per minute. Normal or Abnormal?

Abnormal. Normal Pulse Range is 60-100 Beats per Minute.

Steps to show Dignity towards your resident before you begin a skill.

Knock, Introduce yourself with your name and title, explain the procedure before beginning, provide privacy.

An artificial leg is an example of an Orthotic device. True of False?

False. It is a Prosthetic device.

A resident loses their eyeglasses. Eyeglasses is an example of which device?

Orthotic device

As a resident falls to the ground, the Nurse Aide should jump out of the way. True or False?

False. The Nurse Aide should simply control the direction of the fall by easing the resident to the floor, protecting the resident's head.

Supination is when the palm of the hand is facing the ground. True of False?

False. Supination is when the palm is facing up..

Opposition is a exercise to strengthen fingers, hand and wrists. True or False?

True. Please review the process to perform Opposition and Range of Motion exercises.

Six Pulse areas defined by definitions in Module AA are listed as?

Temporal, Carotid, Apical, Brachial, Radial, and Pedal

The Brachial artery is most common to measure to pulse. True or False?

False. The Radial Artery is the most common site to measure the pulse.

There are 4 main parts of a aneroid blood pressure device. True or False?

False. There are 5 main parts. Review the parts.

You may always use a mechanical lift by yourself so you do not bother other Nurse Aide's by asking for assistance. True or False?

False. You must always have at least one other person to safely transfer a resident from one situation to another.

You must zero out the scale after you ask the resident to stand on it. True or False?

False. You must zero the scale before you ask the resident to stand on it.

Your resident drinks 8 oz of orange juice. How many mL did your resident drink?

240 mL. (8oz x 30 mL/oz = 240 mL)