which of the following are the two main divisions of the nervous system?
Central and Peripheral
What is the primary function of the central nervous system (CNS)?
process and interpret sensory information
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which of the following are the two main divisions of the nervous system?
Central and Peripheral
What is the primary function of the central nervous system (CNS)?
process and interpret sensory information
Which structure is part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
Cranial Nerves
What type of neuron carries signals from sensory receptors to the CNS?
sensory neuron
which neurons are responsible for connecting sensory and motor neurons?
interneurons
what is the main function of motor neurons?
Transmits signals to muscles
which of the following is a general sense?
Touch
which sense is not considered a special sense?
touch
how do reflexes differ from voluntary movements?
reflexes do not involve the brain
what is the function of the cerebellum?
controls voluntary movements and thought
what brain structure relays sensory information to the cerebrum?
thalamus
which brain structure regulates homeostasis and endocrine functions?
hypothalamus
the cerebellum is primarily responsible for
coordinating movement and balance
what is the primary function of the brainstem?
regulate involuntary functions like breathing
what is the basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system?
neuron
which part of the neuron receives incoming signals?
dendrites
what part of the neuron transmits signals away from the cell body?
axon
what substance speeds up electrical impulses along an axon?
myelin sheath
what distinguishes gray matter from white matter?
white matter has myelinated axons
where is gray matter typically found?
surrounding white matter in the brain
what is the first step in generating an action potential?
neuron reaches the threshold potential
During depolarization, what happens to sodium (Na+) channels?
They open allowing Na+ in
what must be reached for action potential to occur?
threshold potential
where does synaptic transmission occur?
at synapse
what is released from the axon terminal to transmit a signal?
neurotransmitters
what structure receives neurotransmitters on the postsynaptic neuron?
dendrites
what happens to neurotransmitters after they bind to receptors ?
they are broken down or reabsorbed