Respiratory compromise

Accessory inspiratory muscles

SCM

abdominals

scalene

serratus anterior

pectoralis

trapezius

Pulse Oximetry: how it works

Deoxygenated and oxygenated hemoglobin absorb light at different wavelengths and the absorbed light is analyzed in the pulse oximeter to display a saturation value

Peak expiratory flow

is a simple measure of the maximal flow rate that can be achieved during forceful expiration following full inspiration

Peak expiratory flow: Green Zone

80% to 100% of personal best or normal peak flow;

Peak expiratory flow: Yellow Zone

50% to 80% of personal best

Peak expiratory flow: Red Zone

50% or less of personal best

1. Assemble tank and regulator

2. Line up regulator pins w/ holes in tank stem. Hand tighten the regulator

3. Check tank pressure by turning valve stem one complete turn (2000psi FULL

4. Select appropriate delivery device (NRB, BVM, NC)

5. Attach oxygen tubing from mask/cannula to regulator

6. Adjust oxygen flow rate (NRB 10-15L/min, BVM 15L/min, NC 2-6L/min)

7. Apply mask/cannula to patient’s face and adjust fit

8. When terminating oxygen administration, remove mask from patient’s face BEFORE turning off oxygen

9. Turn off oxygen

10. Relieve pressure in regulator

Adjunct Airways: two groups of devices

oral airways

nasopharyngeal airways or nasal 'trumpets’

A nasopharyngeal airway device (NPA)

a hollow plastic or soft rubber tubes that a healthcare provider can utilize to assist with patient oxygenation and ventilation in patients who are difficult to oxygenate or ventilate via bag mask ventilation

The standard oral or oropharyngeal airways

rigid plastic tubes which are shaped according to the outline of the hard and soft palate as well as the tongue, against which they sit inside the mouth if placed correctly

An oropharyngeal airway (oral airway, OPA) is an airway adjunct used to maintain or open the airway by stopping…

the tongue from covering the epiglottis

Avoid using an oropharyngeal airway on

If the patient can cough, they still have a gag reflex, and an oral airway is contraindicated

If the patient has a foreign body obstructing the airway, an oropharyngeal airway should not be used

An oropharyngeal airway should not be used on patients who have nasal fractures or an actively bleeding nose

The purpose of oral suctioning…

is to maintain a patent airway and improve oxygenation by removing mucous secretions and foreign material from the mouth and throat)

Oral suction is the use of

a rigid plastic suction catheter, known as a yankauer, to remove pharyngeal secretions through the mouth

The suction catheter has a large hole for the thumb to cover to ____________, along with smaller holes along the end, which mucous enters when suction is applied

initiate suction