Vitamin B's and Iron

Vitamin B1 converts to what, and why is this important?

Thiamine, which is involved in synthesis of nerve regulating substances

What indicates a vitamin B1 deficiency?

Beriberi and Wernickes encephalopathy

Who is at risk for vitamin B1 deficiency?

Alcoholics or those malnourished

Where is B 1 metabolized?

The liver and excreted by kidneys

Importance of B2 in body

Forms a coenzymes; riboflavin 5 phosphate and flavin adenine dinucleotide. This can help produce ATP

Vitamin B2 absorption occurs where?

In the upper ileum and the distributed in tissue

Vitamin B3 purpose

This is niacin, which is converted into nicotinice adenine dinucleotide (nad) and NADP

Serve as coenzymes for lipid and protein metabolism

When is B3 indicated to prescribe?

Hypercholeserolemia

Side effects of vitamin B3

Flushing often with pruritus

Vitamin. B6 indication

Used for morning sickness or sideroblastic anemia's

B6 helps to produce what?

Vitamin B12 and folate

Vitamin B12 and folic acid purpose

Plays a key role In DNA synthesis

Folic acid directly helps to synthesize the purines and pyridines

Indication of BI2

Pernicious, megablastic or macrocytic anemias

Indication of folic acid

Prevention of neural tube defect in neonates

B 12 is absorbed through what?

Gastric intrinsic factor - this helps with the absorption

Iron indications

More for iron deficiency anemia

Cause of an iron deficiency

Malnutrition, chronic blood loss ( menstruation, GI bleed cancers)

When does the body use more iron?

Pregnancy or renal failure

By mouth iron supplements

Ferrous sulfate is most common

What does iron bind to?

Ferritin and a small portion is stored as protein deposits called hemosiderin

What is the ferritin version for vegetarians?

Ferric iron

Ferrous iron is from animals

How should one take iron?

On an empty stomach → many things can effect absorption of iron

Vitamin C can help with absorption

Side effects of iron

Gl symptoms and can cause black stool

Iron deficiency can present with what syndrome?

Restless leg syndrome

Iron toxicity

Hemochromatosis