Science 9 Final Exam study guide

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56 Terms

1

What is the primary purpose of human reproduction?

To ensure the continuation of the species through the production of offspring.

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2

Asexual reproduction results in offspring that are __________ to the parent organism.

genetically identical.

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3

In sexual reproduction, genetic material is contributed by __________ parents.

two.

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4

The process by which a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell is called __________.

fertilization.

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5

A major advantage of sexual reproduction is __________.

genetic diversity.

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6

The simplest form of asexual reproduction is __________.

binary fission.

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7

In sexual reproduction, offspring inherit traits from both __________ and __________ parents.

mother; father.

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8

The __________ is a table that organizes all known elements based on their properties.

periodic table.

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9

Elements in the same group of the periodic table have similar __________.

chemical properties.

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10

What subatomic particle has a positive charge?

Proton.

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11

_____________ are neutral particles found in the nucleus of an atom.

Neutrons.

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12

The atomic number of an element is determined by the number of __________ it contains.

protons.

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13

The regions surrounding the nucleus of an atom where electrons are found are called __________.

energy levels or electron shells.

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14

A substance made up of only one type of atom is called an __________.

element.

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15

Human bodies are primarily composed of which type of atom?

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen.

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16

Ohmโ€™s law states that the current is __________ to the voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance.

directly proportional.

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17

The unit of measurement for electrical resistance is the __________.

Ohm.

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18

Current is defined as the flow of __________ through a conductor.

electric charge.

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19

In a series circuit, the total resistance is __________ the sum of all individual resistances.

equal to.

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20

The life cycle of a star begins with a __________.

nebula.

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21

What process do stars undergo to generate energy?

Nuclear fusion.

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22

When a star exhausts its nuclear fuel, it may become a __________.

supernova.

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23

The distance from the Earth to the Moon is approximately __________ kilometers.

384,400.

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24

Which measurement unit is commonly used to express astronomical distances?

Light-years.

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25

Space technology includes the development and use of __________.

satellites.

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26

The conditions needed to support life include __________.

water, suitable temperature, and nutrients.

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27

The ability to use distorted light from gravity around stars to infer their mass is a study of __________.

gravitational lensing.

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28

A __________ diagram shows the connections between components in an electric circuit.

circuit.

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29

In a parallel circuit, the voltage is __________ across each component.

the same.

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30

Mitosis is the process of __________.

cell division.

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31

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are created using __________ techniques.

biotechnology.

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32

The stages of mitosis include prophase, __________, anaphase, and telophase.

metaphase.

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33

The life cycle of a star can end with a black hole or a __________.

neutron star.

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34

Measuring distances in space often relies on the use of __________.

parallax.

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35

The phenomena that can occur due to gravitational effects of celestial bodies are known as __________.

gravitational effects.

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36

What is the role of the nucleus in an atom?

It contains protons and neutrons.

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37

Which group on the periodic table contains elements that are highly reactive?

Alkali metals.

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38

What is the main purpose of the reproductive system in humans?

To produce offspring.

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39

Which reproductive structure produces sperm in males?

Testes.

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40

Which reproductive structure supports the development of a fetus in females?

Uterus.

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41

Plant reproduction can happen both sexually and __________.

asexually.

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42

The branches of science that study electricity include __________ and electronics.

electrodynamics.

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43

Electrical energy is measured in __________.

Joules.

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44

Distinguish between voltage and current: voltage is the potential difference, while current is the __________ of charge.

flow.

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45

Transistors are used in circuits to control __________.

current.

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46

In the context of stars, a supernova can lead to the creation of __________ elements.

heavy.

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47

Plants can reproduce sexually through the process of __________.

pollination.

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48

The study of atomic structure is important for understanding __________ reactions.

chemical.

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49

Which atomic particle has a negative charge?

Electron.

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50

The energy needed to move one coulomb of charge through an electric potential difference of one volt is called __________.

one Joule.

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51

The wavelength of light emitted by stars can help astronomers determine their __________.

temperature.

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52

Conductors allow __________ to flow easily through them.

electricity.

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53

The __________ is a visual representation of the arrangement of elements based on atomic number.

periodic table.

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54

An element in Group 17 of the periodic table is known as a __________.

halogen.

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55

The life cycle of a star, from birth to death, can span billions of __________.

years.

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56

A circuit diagram uses symbols to represent __________ in a circuit.

components.

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