AP bio un 5

Different between asexual and sexual repro

Asexual has one parent while sexual has two parents

What repro has high genetic variation

Sexual reproduction

What repro involes meisois and mitosis

Sexual

What reproduction has no gametes

Asexual

What process creates haploid gametes

meiosis

what Fuses two haploid gametes and restores the diploid’s condition

fertilization in sexual reproduction

The importance of homologous chromosomes to meiosis.

Created genetic diversity by pairing up chromosomes and crossing over

How the chromosome number is reduced from diploid to haploid through the stages of

meiosis.

In meiosis one it reduces chromosome numbers in half creating haploid daughter cells containing half the number of chromosomes of the diploid parent cell.

one important difference between mitosis and meiosis

mitosis produces two diploid cells  of 46 chromosomes and meiosis produces four haploid cells of 23 chromosomes 

second important difference between mitosis and meiosis

mitosis results in 2 daughter cells, meiosis results in four sex cells

third main differences between meiosis and mitosis

mitosis goes through one stage while meiosis consists of two stage divisions

the importance of crossing over in genetic variability

makes combinations of alleles through homologous segments assuring genetic diversity

the importance of independent assortment 

helps with sorting alleles of genes into gametes individually 

the role of random fertilization

combing sperm and egg and creating new combinations of chromosomes

gene

basic unit of heredity that are sections of dna

dominant

one copy of allele, one parent

recessive 

a allele of 2 copies visible from each parent

allele

specific version/variant of genes

homozygous

2 identical alleles (AA)

heterozygous

2 different alleles

genotype

specific genetic data/information

phenotype

physical traits of an organism

f1

first gen of offspring produced by parents

f2 

second gen of offspring from cross breeding 

p

parental generation, original parents, the start

difference between allele and gene

a gene is a short sequence of DNA for a certain trait while alleles are different variants of a gene

one cellular process in meiosis

independent assortment -` random sort of homologous chromosomes and ensures each daughter receives assortment

second cellular process in meiosis

crossing over -homologous chromosomes exchange segments of DNA leading to new combinations of alleles and crease in genetic variation in gametes

incomplete dominance

blended and mixed phenotype , 1 allele is not dominant

codominance

both parental phenotypes fully expressed , neither dominant or recessive