Biology Practice Test #3

What type of bond forms between base pairs in DNA?

hydrogen

Transcription takes place:

in the nucleus

Which of the following correctly represents a heterozygous individual?

Hh

What are alleles?

different variants of the same genes

In the hierarchic system of classification, which of the following is most inclusive?

Phylum

Which of the following best describes why polarity is the most important characteristic of water?

The benefits of polarity are hydrogen bonding, a high specific heat value, strong cohesive and adhesive properties, and its versatility as a solvent.

Which of the following about phospholipids is incorrect?

The phosphate group in phospholipids is nonpolar and non-soluble in water.

Which of the following biologic molecules are components of the molecules of inheritance?

Nucleic acids

What are the two categories of fatty acids?

Saturated and unsaturated fat

Metabolic reactions in a cell progress from a standpoint of ________.

high energy to low energy

Which step in cellular respiration involves the oxidation of NADH molecules to produce water?

Electron transport chain

The cell membrane is composed of which of the following?

A bilayer of phospholipid molecules

Many cells uptake food through the cell membrane creating a food vacuole in a process known as

phagocytosis

Which of the following statements about endoplasmic reticulum is true?

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for storing calcium ions.

If a substance is moving across a plasma membrane against the concentration gradient, what type of transport is required?

Active transport

Of the following choices, choose the best description of a prokaryotic cell:

Contains chromosomes, ribosomes, a plasma membrane, is enclosed in a cell wall, and lacks membrane-bound organelles

Cells with a high rate of protein synthesis generally have a large number of:

Ribosomes

Which of the following organelles are responsible for producing energy for the cell?

Mitochondrion and chloroplast

Which of the following best describes the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Transport proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum throughout the cell

Which of the following equations represents the simplified chemistry behind cellular respiration?

C₆ H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂ O + ATP

What are the two primary products of photosynthesis?

Sugar and oxygen

Which of the following occurs during binary fission?

The chromosomes bind to the plasma membrane.

During which phase of cell reproduction do the cell’s chromosomes become visibly separate with each duplicated chromosome having two sister chromatids?

Prophase

Gametes are formed by which process?

Meiosis

How do the results of sexual reproduction differ from asexual reproduction?

In asexual reproduction one parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells; in sexual reproduction, two cells contribute genetic material resulting in significantly greater variation