chapter 1 - collision of cultures

columbian exchange

the transfer of disease, plants, animals, and goods between europe, africa, asia, and the americas

• americans mortality increased rapidly as they were exposed to european diseases

• mortality decreased on all other continents due to introduction to new foods

• promoted the rise of the global economic market, mercantilism, and capitalism

God, gold, and glory

motives for old world countries to explore the new world

God - seeking religious freedom as a result of protestant reformation; wanted to spread Christianity

gold - with the world advancing in the technological, religious, and economic sphere, explorers wanted more riches

glory - old world countries wanted fame

• in the case of america, columbus wanted to find a quicker way to reach asia

conquistadores

spanish explorers and conquerors that promoted spanish supremacy in the americas

encomienda system

a system used by spanish conquerors in which spaniards were granted a native and charged with the task of “caring” for them in exchange for mining or farming work

pueblo revolt of 1680

• mutiny led by religious leader po’pay against spanish colonziers in modern-day new mexico

  • natives had been subject to the encomienda system, and the practices of their traditional religion were banned

  • regained independence and religious freedom for 12 years