Ideal Gas Law

Pressure, volume, temperature, and amount of gas

Macroscopic physical properties of gases.

Ideal gas

A hypothetical construct that real gases approximate under certain conditions.

Ideal gas law

Relates gas quantities for gases and is quite accurate for low pressures and moderate temperatures.

1783

Year when the first hydrogen filled balloon flight, manned hydrogen filled balloon flight and hot air balloon flight occurred

Guillaume Amontons

A French physicist who was the first to empirically establish the relationship between the pressure and temperature of a gas.

Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac

A French physicist who determined the relationship between the pressure and temperature of a gas even more precisely.

Amonton’s law or Gay-Lussac’s law

The law that states that the pressure for a given amount of gas is directly proportional to its temperature on the kelvin scale when the volume is held constant

P1/T1 = P2/T2

Mathematical representation of the Amonton’s law

Absolute zero

0 on the Kelvin scale, which is the lowest possible temperature

Jacques Alexandre César Charles

French Scientist and a ballon flight pioneer who was the first to find out the relationship between the volume and temperature of the given amount of gas at the constant pressure.

Charles’ law

Law which states that the volume of a given amount of gas is directly proportional to its temperature on the Kelvin scale when the pressure is held constant.

V1/T1 = V2/T2

Mathematical representation of the Charles’ law

Robert Boyle

An English chemist and a natural philosopher to observe the inversely proportional relationship of the gas’ temperature to the pressure it applies.

Boyle’s law

The law that states that the given amount of gas held at a constant temperature is inversely proportional to the pressure under which it is measured.

P = 1/V or P1V1 = P2V2

Mathematical representation of the Boyle’s law

Intercostal muscles

The muscles that are between the ribs

Amedeo Avogadro

An Italian scientist to state that the equal volumes of all gases, measured under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, contain the number of molecules, in 1811

Avogadro’s law

A law that says that for a confined gas, the volume and the number of moles are directly proportional if the pressure and temperature both remain constant.

V1/n1 = V2/n2

Mathematical representation of the Avogadro’s law

PV = nRT

Mathematical representation of the ideal gas law

R

The symbol that represents the ideal gas constant or the universal gas constant

0.08206 L atm mol^-1 K^-1 and 8.314 kPa L mol^-1 K^-1

Two values of the ideal gas constant

Standard temperature and pressure

Full form of STP

273.15 K and 1 atm (101.325 kPa)

What’s the STP

22.4 L

What is the Standard molar volume of the 1 mole gas at STP