4 biomolecules
1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic acids
Function of carbohydrates
To provide quick energy
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4 biomolecules
1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic acids
Function of carbohydrates
To provide quick energy
Function of lipids
To provide long-term energy storage
Function of nucleic acids
To store genetic information
Function of proteins
To carry out all cellular processes
Monomer of a carbohydrate
Monosaccharide
Monomer of a lipid
Glycerol and fatty acid
Monomer of a protein
Amino acid
Monomer of nucleic acid
Nucleotide
If a molecule has unequal distribution of charge it's...
Polar
If a molecule had equal distribution of charge it's...
Nonpolar
Examples of carbohydrates
-ose
Glucose, fructose, cellulose
Examples of proteins
-in
Pectin, myosin, actin, keratin
Why is C10H20O10 a carbohydrate?
1:2:1 ratio
Dehydration synthesis
Removing water to make bonds
Hydrolysis
Adding water to break bonds
"Like vs. like"
Polar dissolves in polar; nonpolar dissolves in nonpolar
Polar vs. nonpolar
Polar: oxygen
Nonpolar: no oxygen
Polarity of R groups
Polar w/ oxygen
Nonpolar w/o oxygen
If a molecule is able to dissolve quickly in a particular substance, it has a high...
Solubility
A chain of amino acids is called a...
Polypeptide chain of a primary structure
Saturated vs. nonsaturated diagrams
Saturated: normal
H-C bonds
Nonsaturated: C=C double bond
Is saturated fat or nonsaturated fat solid at room temperature and why?
Saturated fat because it is able to stack easily
CHO
Carbohydrates and lipids
- Carbon
- Hydrogen
- Oxygen
CHON
Proteins
- Carbon
- Hydrogen
- Oxygen
- Nitrogen
CHONP
Nucleic acids
- Carbon
- Hydrogen
- Oxygen
- Nitrogen
- Phosphorus
Why is it important to eat fats?
They surround cell membranes and form a protective layer around the brain and bones
What are examples of proteins and their jobs?
- Hemoglobin: holds oxygen in blood
- Keratin: makes up hair and nails