Clicker Questions- Respiratory Physiology

Ventilation is an example of

bulk flow

Boyle’s Law says that the total pressure of a mixture of

gases is the sum of the pressures of the individual gases

False

Alveolar pressure at the end of inspiration is ________

atmospheric pressure at the end of expiration

equal to

Which is NOT true about surfactant?

secreted by type I alveolar cells

Total pulmonary ventilation in the respiratory system is

similar to __________ in the cardiovascular system.

cardiac output

Patient A is breathing 12 breaths/min with VT of 500 mL.

Patient B is breathing 20 breaths/min with VT of 300 mL. If

both patients have anatomical dead space of 200 mL, who

has better alveolar ventilation?

Patient A

At the end of inspiration, lung volume is

maximum.

At the end of inspiration, intrapleural pressure is

at its minimum.

Which muscles are used for quiet expiration?

None of the above

Velocity of air flow is greatest in the

trachea.

Which lung volume cannot be directly measured?

residual volume

The maximum amount of air that can be voluntarily moved

into or out of the respiratory system with one breath is

called

vital capacity.

A female has a resting tidal volume of 400 mL, respiratory

rate of 13 breaths/min, and dead space of 125 mL. When

she exercises, which would be most efficient for increasing

oxygen delivery to her working skeletal muscle

increase tidal volume to 500 mL and respiratory rate

to 15 breaths/min

Lung compliance decreases as people age. What effect

does this have on tidal volume

TV decrease

Which pairing is correct?

bronchoconstrictor: acetylcholine binding to muscarinic receptors

When in a respiratory cycle is intrapleural pressure

greatest?

end of expiration

Which gas has the highest percentage in air?

nitrogen

If the volume of a gas mixture doubles, the pressure

decreases by 50%.

The ciliated epithelium of the trachea and bronchi

helps move mucus to the pharynx.

During hyperventilation, what happens to the partial

pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the alveoli

(compared to normal ventilation)

On its way into the lungs, air passes through

pharynx → larynx → trachea.

Normal, quiet breathing is called

eupnea.

Maria has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (C OPD)

so her arterial oxygen level is below normal. Which is a

possible consequence of hypoxia

increased red blood cell count

Which is a restrictive lung disease?

fibrotic lung disease

The diffusion rate for the exchange of CO2 and O2 from

alveoli to blood is inversely proportional to

membrane thickness

Oxygen moves from alveoli into blood by

simple diffusion.

Hypercapnia increased plasma carbon dioxide. It could

occur with

A and C

Cyanide and other metabolic poisons in the blood result in

histotoxic hypoxia.

Which is characterized by destruction of alveoli?

emphysema

Plasma H+ concentration __________ during

hyperventilation so pH __________.

decreases; increases

During hypoventilation, PCO2 increases in plasma so pH

decreases.

If an exercising rat consumes 18 mL O2/min and has a

cardiac output of 1 L/min, how many liters of plasma does it

need to meet its aerobic metabolic needs? (In the rat, 3 mL

O2 dissolves per liter of plasma

6

P50 is the oxygen partial pressure at which hemoglobin is

50% saturated with O2. As the P50 increases, hemoglobin’s

affinity for oxygen

decreases

During exercise, increased carbon dioxide production by

cells will have what effect on oxygen release from

hemoglobin?

It increases release.

The arterial PO2 in a person with anemia will be _______

the arterial PO2 in a person with a normal hemoglobin

concentration.

equal to

The maximum oxygen-carrying capacity in a person with a

normal hemoglobin concentration is __________ the

maximum oxygen-carrying capacity in a person with

anemia (both at sea level)

greater than

If plasma pH increases from 7.40 to 7.48, hemoglobin’s

affinity for oxygen will __________ so __________ oxygen

will be released to the tissue.

increase; less

As PO2 of plasma increases, the amount of dissolved

oxygen

increases

Which is true about a right shift in the oxygen-hemoglobin

dissociation curve?

d) B and C

Which about fetal hemoglobin (HbF) is FALSE?

Its affinity for oxygen is no different from adult

hemoglobin (HbA).

Bicarbonate (HCO3) is the most important extracellular

buffer in the body

True

The chemical control of ventilation is due mainly to

arterial PCO2.

Peripheral chemoreceptors located in the carotid and aortic

arteries sense changes in

All of the above.

A saturated hemoglobin molecule is bound by _____

oxygen molecule(s).

4

The oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the

right in response to

increased H+ concentration

Carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the chemical reaction of

carbon dioxide with water.

Which is FALSE at high altitude?

percentage of gas molecules that are oxygen is lower

Most carbon dioxide is transported in the blood as

bicarbonate ions.