Psychological Disorders and Social Psychology Review

These flashcards cover key concepts regarding psychological disorders and social psychology, providing a comprehensive review for exam preparation.

What does the Diathesis-Stress Model suggest about psychological disorders?

It suggests that some individuals have a biological vulnerability (diathesis) that can be triggered to develop a psychological disorder under stress.

What are the three components of the Biopsychosocial Model?

Biological factors, psychological factors, and sociocultural factors.

What is a psychological disorder?

Any pattern of behavior that causes significant distress, harm to oneself or others, or impairs the ability to function in daily life.

What is the etiology of a psychological disorder?

The origin, cause, or set of causes of the disorder.

What characterizes Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)?

It is characterized by severe depressive symptoms such as persistent sadness, loss of interest, and other symptoms lasting at least two weeks.

Which neurotransmitter is linked to depression?

Serotonin.

What are positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

Presence of inappropriate behaviors.

What is the difference between Bulimia and Binge-Eating Disorder?

Bulimia involves overeating followed by purging, while Binge-Eating Disorder involves overeating without purging.

What defines Schizoid Personality Disorder?

A preference for solitude, avoidance of social relationships, and showing little emotion.

What is Antisocial Personality Disorder characterized by?

Disregard for the rights of others, breaking rules, and showing little guilt or empathy.

What is catharsis in therapy?

The process of releasing strong emotions to feel better afterward.

What is the main goal of action therapy?

To change disordered or inappropriate behavior directly.

What does cognitive-behavioral therapy target?

It is recommended for people with schizophrenia and addresses cognitive distortions.

What is the Elaboration Likelihood Model?

A theory describing how people respond to persuasive messages, through a central or peripheral route.

What is the Fundamental Attribution Error?

The tendency to assume someone's behavior is due to their personality while ignoring situational factors.

What is social facilitation?

When people perform better on simple or well-practiced tasks when others are watching.

What is the bystander effect?

When individuals do not help a victim because they assume that others will.

What is the attraction-similarity hypothesis?

The theory that people prefer to develop romantic relationships with those who are similar to themselves.

What are Sternberg's three types of love?

1) Romantic love (intimacy + passion), 2) Compassionate love (intimacy + commitment), 3) Consummate love (all three components present).