AP Lang flashcards #4

false cause and effect

a fallacy that assumes one event happens because of another because it happened in the same time, or because they are correlated, without sufficient evidence to support the causal link.

claim of fact

a statement that something is true or false and can be supported or disproved with evidence and logical reasoning

cause and effect claim

when someone states that one event directly led to another event. 

purpose

the objective a speaker aims to achieve with their message. Like to inform, persuade, entertain, or to influence the audience to think, feel, or act in a certain way.

occasion

the specific event, situation, or circumstances that create the need or opportunity for a text to be written or spoken

exclamatory sentence

a type of sentence that expresses strong emotion and ends with an exclamation mark. 

declarative sentence

declares a fact, or provides information and always ends with a period. It is the most common type of sentence.

AKA an assertive sentence.

interrogative sentence

a type of sentence that asks a question and ends with a question mark.

imperative sentence

gives a command, makes a request, or offers instructions, advice, or a warning.

comma splice

a grammatical error where two complete sentences are joined together with only a comma.

clause

a group of words containing a subject and a verb that conveys a complete or incomplete thought. NOT ALWAYS A SENTENCE. 

agreement

a matching or correspondence between different words in a sentence based on shared features like person, number, or gender.

collective noun

a word that refers to a group of people, animals, or things, treated as a single entity.

case

a change in the form of a noun or pronoun that indicates its grammatical function or relationship to other words in a sentence.

claim of policy

a statement or argument that proposes a specific action should or should not be taken, advocating for change in laws, rules, or behaviors.

anachronism

is anything—an object, event, person, or custom—that is placed in a time period in which it does not belong.

in medias res

a Latin term meaning "into the midst of things," referring to the literary technique of starting a story in the middle of the action or plot rather than at the chronological beginning

claim of value

an argument about whether something is good or bad, right or wrong, or better or worse than something else.

inverted sentence

a sentence in which the typical word order of subject and verb is reversed, placing the verb before the subject for emphasis, formality, or to meet a grammatical requirement

ambiguity

a situation or statement that is unclear because it can be understood in more than one way, leading to multiple possible interpretations.