Direct/Indirect Pronouns + More Reflexive verbs

Direct pronouns answers the question after the subject and verb:

What or who

Maria concina tacos por Miguel

• Maria concina what? - tacos

direct pronouns are the noun that are directly affected by the verb

Inirect pronouns answers the question after the subject and verb:

For whom? or to whom?

Maria concina tacos por Miguel

• Maria concina for whom? - Miguel

indirect pronouns are the noun that are indirectly affected by the verb - they are tangential

What are the direct pronouns

me (me)

te (you)

lo/la (him/her/it)

nos (us)

los/las (you-plural)

los/las (them)

What are the indirect pronouns

me (to me)

te (to you)

le/se (to him/her)

nos (to us)

les (to you plural)

les/se (to them)

Where do direct/indirect pronouns go if using a simple verb conjugation vs compound/complex structures

subject + indirect + direct + verb

if complex/compound verbs - can do subject + verb/indirect/direct (add ´ to redirect accent)

thats why

por eso

in spite of

a pesar de

instead of

en vez de

unless

a menos que

besides

además de

todavía

still

• also means yet when using it in a question

  • todavía no has comido? = you haven’t eaten yet?

• negative = not yet

  • todavía no termina la clase = the class isn’t over yet

ya

already

• Ya comí = I already ate

• Ya basta! = That’s enough/Enough already

now

• Ya voy = I’m coming now

ya no = not anymore

eventually (ya + future tense)

• Ya lo entenderás - you’ll understand eventually

no mames

no fucking way

bien can only be used for ___ and bueno can only be used for ___

verbs

noun

Where are you going (to)?

a donde vas?

with who are you going?

con quien vas?

where are you from

de donde eras?

When do you use qué vs cuál?

ser: always use cuál unless you’re asking for a definition (then use qué)

next word is a noun: always use qué

pasar

to happen: Qué pasó? = What happend?

to pass: el autobús ya pasó = the bus already passed

to spend (as in time): Paso mucho tiempo aquí = I spend a lot of time here

to hand over/give: Me pasas la sal? = can you pass me the salt

alguna vez

ever

hace poco

recently

últimamente

lately

hasta ahora

so far

this month

este mes

this week

este semana

this year

este año

this morning

este mañana

since

desde

once/one time

una vez

many times

muchas veces

horny

bellaco

high

arrebato

to go to bed

acostarse

afeitarse

to shave oneself

almorzarse

(o - ue)

to have lunch

arreglarse

to fix oneself

bañarse

to bathe oneself

cenarse

to have dinner

cepillarse

to brush oneself

comerse

to eat

desayunarse

to have breakfast

despertarse

e - ie

to wake up

despertarse

e - ie

to wake up

dormirse

o - ue

to fall asleep

ducharse

to take a shower

enfermarse

to get sick

enojarse

to get angry

irse

to go away

lavarse

to wash oneself

levantarse

to get up

to stand up

llamarse

to call oneself

maquillarse

to put on makeup

mirarse

to look oneself

peinarse

to comb one’s hair

preocuparse (por)

to worry about

quitarse

to take off, remove

rasurarse

to shave oneself

secarse

to dry oneself

sentarse

e - ie

to sit down

sentirse

e - ie

to feel (emotional or physical)

verse

to see oneself

vestirse

e - i

to get dressed

continuar

to continue

subir

to climb/go up/ raise

bajar

to descend/go down

transbordar

to transfer

dar vuelta

to turn/ spin

salir

to leave/go out

entrar

to enter/go in

dejar

to leave

tomar

to take

to drink

to grab

viajar

to travela

abrir

to open

partir

to divide

to split

agregar

to add

to attach

untar

to spread

batir

to beat

mezclar

to mix

dorar

to brown

to gild

moler

to grind

voltear

to turn

to turn over

parar

to stop

hornear

to bake

vaciar

to pour in

to empty

hacia

towards

acera

sidewalk

girar

to turn