Blinn 1302 History Exam 3

The Panama Canal was bought for

25 million USD

FDR's Good Neighbor Policy supported the idea of

Non-Intervention in Latin America

It is the idea that ____________ pulls out of the League of Nations which the US and USSR never join

Japan

*_____________ is a government with a dictator who controls all aspects of life in that country. The opposite of democracy.

Fascism

______________- party targeted Jews, Gypsys, Gays, Communists and anyone who stands up to them

Hitler's Nazi

*Hitler hates

communists

*During the 1930s, Americans retreated deeply into

isolationism

In 1937, Japan joined Germany and Italy in making the ________________. Mussolini and Hitler vowed to end the domination of Britain and France.

Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis

*World War II started when

Nazi Germany invaded Poland in September 1939

____________ permits the US to sell arms to Britain and France if they pay upfront and carry their purchases on their own ships.

Neutrality Act of 1939

Nazis used lightening war called

Blitzkrieg

Nazis went through ________and got to Paris in 1940 using no trench warfare

Belgium

In 1940, the ____________- saw the British push back a massive air attack and force Germany to turn back

Battle of Britain

June 1940, after Einstein warned FDR of atomic bombs, FDR set up the

Manhattan Project

Manhattan Project

code name for the secret United States project set up in 1942 to develop atomic bombs for use in World War II

In the 1940 election, Americans decided not to switch horses in the middle of the stream.... What does this mean?

The US did not vote out FDR.

In 1941 the ____________ program becomes law

lent lease

The Atlantic Charter was a joint British-American statement that determined

self-sufficiency

June 1941, Germany breaks commitment with Stalin, and

invades the soviet union

*Summer 1941, US restricted __________ and froze Japanese assets

oil

After Pearl Harbor, the government was

efficient during war

WWII was the largest and most _________ of any war in human history

costly

New tech in WWII Includes:

- ________________-

- Radars

- Plastics

- Jet Engines

- Computers

Thousands of Americans died in Bataan and the

Death March

*Battle of _______________ , threat of Japan seizing Australia has ended

Coral Sea

In Early 1942, ______ faced submarine that sunk at the hands of our ship

US

How does the US pay for WWII?

- raising taxes

- ___________

- Borrowing from financial institutions

- expanding the # of taxpayers

warbonds

Reasons for the Great Depression:

- residential construction and automobile sales had met the demand by 1927

- 95% of wages stayed stagnant

- Most companies put profits into expansion rather than the wage increase

-

- tariffs (over 1000 economists warned against smoot hartley tariff of 1930 bc it would raise prices on most products and raw materials by impeding imports)

Secretary of Treasury Mellon's tax policies entice the rich into the stock market

The difference between the republican and democratic response to the Great Depression was that the Republicans had voluntary responses and the Democrats wanted to

pass laws

*Hoover's administrations initial response to the Great Depression was to

deny the problem

during the great depression unemployment sailed to

25%

More than _______________ banks close from 1929-1932

9000

During the Great Depression Hoover did:

organize conferences at white house for various american leaders... he placed his trust in american capitalism... he asked ppl not to give up hope... urged states to follow through with construction projects

Reconstruction Finance Coorporation

gave 2 billion to states, banks, and insurance companies for self liquidating projects. Plan worked but 2 billion wasnt enough

Glass-Steagall Act of 1932

Established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) which provided federal insurance for individual bank accounts of up to $5,000, reassuring millions of bank customers that their money was safe...also required banks to act cautiously with their customers' money

During the Veteran's Protest __________ takes full responsibility

Hoover

Bonus Army

WWI vets who made expeditionary force and in the end, hoover was blamed for the fighting in washington DC

_________________ defeats Hoover in 1932 by a landslide, votes and electoral college. ( 23 million to 16 million votes )

Roosevelt

FDR faced four major challenges when he first took office. Alleviating widespread American suffering, reforming the economy, rescuing the farm sector and

reviving the industrial economy

20th amendment changed

date for president swearing in

*21st amendment

ends prohibition of alcohol

Every President since FDR has been judged on

the first 100 days in office.

Emergency Banking Relief Act

gave the President power over the banking system and set up a system by which banks would be reorganized or reopened

*Fireside Chats were

President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's technique to use the Radio to speak to the American people

In FDR's first fireside chats he told the people that

banks were safe

In the first 100 days, 15 major proposals were passed with unprecedented speed by what president

FDR

FDR knew he wasnt a deep thinker so he

put together a brain trust to help him put programs together

FDIC guaranteed

personal bank deposits as much as 2500

*__________________ regulated chaotic stock and bond market;regulated trading and insurance of stocks and bonds

Security and exchange commission

*_______________ hired young ppl to perform reforestation and conservation work and mailed most of the check home

CCC (civilian conservation corps)

________________ was the first large scale federal experiment with work relief

Civil works administration

_____________ lasted until ww2 and had permanent effects on us with US like building bridges, roads, schools

WPA (works progress administration)

*The CCC hired young people to perform _________________ and conservation work and mailed most of their check home.

restoration

The CWA was the first large scale federal experiment with __________

work relief

*The AAA provided federal subsidies to farmers to cut farm production to _______________

raise crop prices

The NRA allowed major industries to draft codes of fair competition and create

fair labor standards

*The TVA brought flood control, reforestation, jobs, and hydroelectric power to

Appalachia

After the New Deal the GD hadn't ceased in America by

1939

During the GD, spousal desertion, _________________, suicide rates, and crime all increased.

prostitution

The dust storms were made worse by the transition between the early 20th century from subsistence farming to ________________-.

industrial agriculture

*The majority of dust bowl refugees came from the

cotton belt

*During the GD, the US deported over half a million _______________ immigrants and their American born children

hispanic

They were exported because officials wanted to avoid

the cost of providing them public services

*The New Deal ignored

natives

*____________ were discriminated against in many New Deal programs because FDR feared that he would anger southern dems

african americans

The two outlets of escapism during the GD was the

radio and movie theatres

*____________________ was an outspoken champion of AA rights, she was a crusader for women's rights, she advocated for youth, she was against racism.

Eleanor Roosevelt

The conservatives start the

liberty league

*Huey Long was known as the ___________ from LA. He wanted every poor family to get 5000 dollars and every worker to get 2500 dollars

Kingfish

*__________________ plan targeted the senior citizens

Francis Townsend's

*________________ was a Roman Catholic radio priest

Father Coughlin

The Social security act was designed by ______________, the first woman cabinet member

francis perkins

The ____________- gave unions the right to organize

wagoner act

*The _____________ focuses on programs to aid the old and inferred

2nd new deal

*In the election of 1936, _______ won another landslide victory

FDR

*The supreme court overruled the NIRA in the SPCvsUS case, they ruled that congress gave too much authority to FDR in ________________

labor matters

*FDR tried to add ___ new justices to the supreme court because he wanted to change the court's policies

6

Until the SC upheld the _____________________ , employers would use blacklisting, private detectives, labor spies, vigilante groups, and other ways to fight unions

wagoner act

Martin Dies from TX sat on the ___________. He branded new dealers as Communists.

Unamerican Activities Commission

The good news about Pearl Harbor is that the Japanese ignored

the oil tankers and aircraft carriers

*After the attack, congress passed the _______________, giving the president the ability to make the government more effective during wartime

War Powers Act

*The fact that the US deciphered the Japanese military code helped the US defeat the Japanese at

Midway

In early _________ , the US faced submarine wolf packs that sank hundreds of our ships

1942

The turning point of the war in the Pacific was at

Midway

People conserved to help the war effort, saving scrap metal, and as they did in WW1 they would

plant victory gardens

*With millions of men being drafted, _________ took their place in the workforce

women

*The government launched a promotional campaign to

recruit women to the military and establish female branches (WAC army and WAVES navy)

*During WW2 more than half a million African Americans left the south because

of better job opportunities elsewhere in the US, especially in the west

*Under the _____________, Mexico agreed to send seasonal farm workers to the US on year long contracts

Bracero program

*Natives helped the war effort most distinctively as

code talkers

____________________ was issued because of the hysteria after Pearl Harbor, it forced relocation of Japanese Americans on the west coast into internment camps

Executive order 9066

In 1943 several thousand off duty sailors and soldiers joined by whites assaulted hispanics, African Americans and Filipinos, and it lasted for a week. This was called

Zoot-Suit Riots

*In the Battle of the Atlantic, what helped the allies to gain the advantage was that

they decoded German messages that indicated where the submarines were.

*Churchill talked FDR into first attacking the Nazis in

North Africa

In ______ , the allies take Sicily and then move to Italy

1943

*D-Day is the turning point of the war in Europe, it happened on _________________ (Operation Overlord)

June 6th 1944

*The allied invasion of Europe by the allied expeditionary force was known as

Operation Overlord or D-Day

The supreme commander of the AEF was

Eisenhower (IKE)

The big 3 consists of

FDR (US) Stalin (USSR) and Churchill (GB)

*FDR wanted two things from Stalin, help against the Nazis, and

join the UN after the war