t/f stress is a threat to homeostasis
true
what are the two hormones secreted by the adrenal gland
Cortisol and Epinephrine
what is the stress hormone?
cortisol(and epinephrine but mainly cortisol)
Cortisol is secreted by what?
the adrenal cortex
what type of steroid hormone is cortisol?
Glucocorticoid
t/f secretion of cortisol is increased when stressed
true
What are the 4 functions of Cortisol?
helps maintain blood pressure
anti-inflammatory (also anti-immune to fight overactivity in immune system)
helps differentiates tissues and glands in fetal and neonatal stages
increases blood sugar level (thus decreases immune response)
What hormone is secreted by the adrenal medulla?
epinephrine
what hormone is secreted by the adrenal cortex?
Cortisol[think... CORTisol=CORTex]
t/f the adrenal medulla is the outside on the adrenal gland
false [think... Med=middle]
t/f the adrenal cortex is the outside portion on the adrenal gland
True
what type of hormone is epinephrine?
catecholamine
what are the 2 functions of epinephrine
Increased heart rate and respiratory rate
Shifts blood flow to skeletal muscle (vasoontricts gut vessels & vasodilates skeletal muscle vessels )
explain why people often gain weight when stressed
Epinephrine causes more blood flow to skeletal muscles and less blood flow in digestive system (slows metabolism)
where is the thyroid gland located?
in the neck, more specifically just below the larnyx
t/f the thyroid glad is one lobed
False, it is two lobed
what are throid follicles filled with?
colloid fluid
what is colloid fluid
protein-rich fluid
what cells line the thyroid follicles?
follicular cells
what is the function of follicular cells?
they synthesize thyroid hormones
what is the function of the three hormone sequence?
to control cortisol secretion
Name the three hormones in the three hormone sequence in order
TRH (hypothalamus) 2.TSH (anterior pituitary) 3.T3/T4 (and growth of thyroid)
what hormone inhibits secretion of TRH
Thyroxine
what hormone inhibits responsiveness to TRH
Thyroxine
What two hormones does the thyroid glad produce?
triiodothyronine (t3) and thyroxine (t4)
what hormone inhibits secretion and responsiveness of TRH
thyroxine
idk how to put it in words so pls study slide 27 on chapter 11
how many iodides are in MIT?
1 iodide
[think.. m=mono]
how many iodides are in DIT?
two
[think... d = di = 2]
How is T3 made?
MIT + DIT = (T3)
what two hormones make T4?
DIT+DIT = T4
3 Functions of Thyroid hormones
-Stimulates carbohydrate absorption from small intestine in order to get energy for metabolism -increases fatty acid release from adipocytes to get energy for metabolism -generates heat for homeostasis
what is hypothyroidism?
lower than normal plasma concentration of thyroid hormones causing an enlarge thyroid
what causes hypothyroidism?
iodine deficiency
how does insufficient dietary iodine effect the secretion of thyroid hormones?
creates a negative feedback control of TSH secretion.
causes excess TSH and hypertrophy of the thyroid gland