The Central Science Test

What is chemistry?

The study of matter and the changes that it undergoes

What is science?

The use of evidence to construct testable explanations and predictions of natural phenomena as well as the knowledge generated through this process

What is a hypothesis?

A testable explanation of a situation

What is scientific inquiry?

The development of new explanations

What is a theory?

An explanation of a natural phenomenon based on many observations and investigations over time

What is a scientific law?

A relationship in nature that is supported by many experiments

What is pure research?

Research driven by the curiosity of the researcher

What is applied research?

Research conducted to solve specific problems

What is the base unit for time?

Second (S)

What is the base unit for mass?

Kilogram (Kg)

What is the base unit for temperture?

Kelvin (K)

What is the base unit for length?

Meter (M)

What are the prefixes largest to smallest?

giga, mega, kilo, centi, mili, nano, and pico

What factor does centi- represent?

0.01, 10^-2

What factor does kilo- represent?

1,000; 10³

What factor does mili- represent?

0.001; 10^-3

Which temp. scale will we be using in class?

Celsius and kelvin scale; kelvin is an SI unit

How many grams are in a kilogram?

1,000g

How many liters are in a megaliter?

1,000,000L

How many centimeters are in a meter?

100

What is the difference between a base unit and a derived unit?

A derived unit is two base units combined

What is density?

mass/volume; how much mass there is in a specific amount of volume

What is the three part process for problem solving?

Analyze the problem, solve the unknown, and evaluate the answer

How are degrees converted into kevin’s?

K= C +273

What is conversion factor?

A ratio of equivalent values having different units

What is dimensional analysis?

A systematic approach to problem solving that uses conversion factors to convert units

How many centimeters are in one mile?

160,934

Convert 5 liters into kiloliters

0.005 KL

What is the difference between an accepted value and an experimental value?

error

What is the ratio of an error to an accepted value?

Percent error

When you calculate percent error, what can you ignore?

plus and minus signs

What are the digits reported in an answer called?

Sig Figs

The last number in a significant figure is……

Estimated

_____ numbers are always significant

non-zero

All final _____ to the right of the decimal place are significant

zeros

Zeros that act as ____ are not significant

Placeholders

_______ have an infinite number of significant figures

Counting numbers

When you convert to ________ you remove the placeholder zeros

scientific notation

Convert 360 seconds to milliseconds

360,000 ms

Percent error equation?

pe = |error| / accepted value x 100

What is the independent variable

The variable that a scientist changes on purpose; X axis

What is the dependent variable?

The variable that changes in response to the independent variable; y axis