1.8 Thermodynamics definitions

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AQA A Level Chemistry

13 Terms

1

Enthalpy of formation

the enthalpy change when one mole of a substance is formed from its elements with all reactants and products in their standard state. Endo- or exothermic

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2

Enthalpy of combustion

The enthalpy change when one mole of a substance in its standard state is completely burned in oxygen. Exothermic.

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3

Enthalpy of atomisation (element)

The enthalpy change when one mole of gaseous atoms is formed from the element in its standard state. Endothermic.

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4

Enthalpy of atomisation (compound)

The enthalpy change when one mole of a compound in its standard state is converted into gaseous atoms. Endothermic.

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5

Bond dissociation enthalpy

The enthalpy change when one mole of gaseous molecules each breaks a particular covalent bond to form two free radicals. Endothermic.

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6

1st Ionisation enthalpy

The enthalpy change when one mole of gaseous atoms is converted into one more of gaseous, singly charged positive ions. Endothermic

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7

2nd Ionisation enthalpy

The enthalpy change when one mole of gaseous, singly charged positive ions is converted into one mole of gaseous, doubly charged ions. Endothermic

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8

1st electron affinity

The enthalpy change when one mole of gaseous atoms is converted into one mole of gaseous, singly negative ions. Exothermic.

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9

2nd electron affinity

The enthalpy change when one mole of gaseous, singly negative ions is converted into one mole of gaseous, doubly negative ions. Exothermic.

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10

Lattice dissociation enthalpy

The enthalpy change when one mole of an ionic compound is separated into its gaseous ions. Endothermic

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11

Lattice formation enthalpy

The enthalpy change when one mole of an ionic compound is formed from its gaseous ions. Exothermic

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12

Enthalpy of hydration

The enthalpy change when one mole of gaseous ions is converted into one mole of aqueous ions. Exothermic

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13

Enthalpy of solution

The enthalpy change when one mole of an ionic compound completely dissolves in water to give a solution of infinite dilution. Endo-or exothermic

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