Blood Banking MLS & MLT Review Flashcards

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering donor selection, processing, storage, immunology, molecular testing, and transfusion practices based on ASCP study guidelines.

Male Donor Minimum Hemoglobin

The minimum hemoglobin concentration required for a male blood donor fingerstick is $13.0\,g/dL$ ($130\,g/L$).

Autologous Blood Donor Minimum Hemoglobin

According to AABB Standards, the minimum hemoglobin level required for an autologous blood donor is $11.0\,g/dL$.

Red Blood Cells Leukocytes Reduced Transport Temperature

The required transport temperature for Red Blood Cells Leukocytes Reduced is $1\text{ to }10\,^\circ\text{C}$.

Apheresis Platelets Transport Temperature

The required transport temperature for Apheresis Platelets is $20\text{ to }24\,^\circ\text{C}$.

Red Blood Cells Leukocytes Reduced Storage Temperature

The required storage temperature for Red Blood Cells Leukocytes Reduced is $1\text{ to }6\,^\circ\text{C}$.

Cryoprecipitated AHF Storage Temperature

The required storage temperature for Cryoprecipitated AHF maintained in the frozen state is $\le -18\,^\circ\text{C}$.

Open System Red Blood Cells Expiration

The maximum allowable storage period for a unit of Red Blood Cells stored at $1\text{ to }6\,^\circ\text{C}$ if the sterile seal is entered or broken is $24\,\text{hours}$.

Irradiated Red Blood Cells Expiration

Following irradiation, the expiration date of a unit of Red Blood Cells is reduced to $28\,\text{days}$ from the date of irradiation or the original expiration date, whichever is shorter.

Residual Leukocyte Count for Leukocyte-Reduced RBCs

Red Blood Cells Leukocytes Reduced must be prepared by a method known to reduce the residual leukocyte count to $< 5.0 \times 10^6$.

Factor VIII Minimum Requirement for Cryoprecipitated AHF

In quality control testing, each unit of Cryoprecipitated AHF must contain a minimum of $80\,\text{international units}$ (IU) of Factor VIII.

Bombay Phenotype ($O_h$)

A rare phenotype resulting from the inheritance of nonfunctional $h$ genes ($hh$), characterized by an absence of H, A, and B antigens on red cells and the presence of naturally occurring anti-H in serum.

N-acetylgalactosamine

The immunodominant sugar responsible for conferring A antigen specificity on the red blood cell membrane.

L-fucose

The immunodominant sugar conferred by alpha-L-fucosyltransferase that is responsible for H antigen activity.

Glycophorin A

The red blood cell membrane glycoprotein that carries the M and N blood group antigens.

Glycophorin B

The red blood cell membrane glycoprotein that carries the S, s, and U blood group antigens.

Zeta Potential

The electrical charge repulsive force surrounding red blood cells in solution, which is reduced by enhancement media such as LISS to promote hemagglutination.

Prozone Effect

A phenomenon causing false-negative agglutination results due to an excess of unbound antibody relative to antigen.

Membrane Attack Complex (MAC)

The terminal complement complex consisting of $C5b$ through $C9$ formed during complement activation that directly induces target cell lysis.

Transfusion-Associated Graft-Versus-Host Disease (TA-GVHD)

A severe transfusion reaction caused by proliferation of donor T lymphocytes, prevented by gamma irradiation or pathogen reduction of blood components.

Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI)

An adverse transfusion reaction presenting with dyspnea, hypoxemia, and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema within $6\,\text{hours}$ of transfusion, typically caused by donor HLA or HNA antibodies.

Transfusion-Associated Circulatory Overload (TACO)

A non-immune transfusion complication resulting from hypervolemia, characterized by coughing, dyspnea, hypertension, and cardiogenic pulmonary edema.

Kleihauer-Betke Stain

An acid elution stain used on maternal post-delivery blood films to quantitate the volume of fetomaternal hemorrhage expressed as whole blood.

Rosette Test

A qualitative screening assay capable of detecting a fetomaternal hemorrhage of fetal D-positive red blood cells in an Rh-negative mother as small as $10\,mL$.

Donath-Landsteiner Test

A diagnostic procedure for Paroxysmal Cold Hemoglobinuria (PCH) that detects a biphasic cold-reactive IgG autoanti-P antibody.

Elution

The serologic process of separating bound antibody molecules from sensitized red blood cells into a liquid solution for subsequent identification.

McLeod Phenotype

An X-linked phenotype characterized by the absence of Kx and Km antigens and marked depression of Kell antigens, associated with acanthocytosis and Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD).

Dosage Effect

A serologic characteristic where an antibody reacts more strongly with red blood cells inheriting homozygous alleles for an antigen than cells inheriting heterozygous alleles.