Chemistry: States of Matter, Chemical Changes, and Gas Laws Quizlet

What is a chemical change?

A chemical change occurs when two or more substances join to form new substances with new properties.

What is an example of a physical change?

Chopping the pecans, melting the butter, and heating the oven to 350⁰ are examples of physical changes.

What evidence indicates a chemical reaction has occurred during baking?

The mixed ingredients changed to a new substance when baked and the top of the cake changed to a new color.

What are the three states of matter?

Solid, liquid, and gas.

What is another term for states of matter?

Phases of matter.

What does the Kinetic Theory describe?

The motion of particles in all matter.

What causes particles to vibrate or move around more?

Heating causes particles to vibrate or move around more.

What is the term for a solid changing to a liquid?

Melting.

What is vaporization?

Vaporization is the process of a liquid changing to a gas.

What is condensation?

Condensation is the process of a gas changing to a liquid, such as moisture on a mirror after a hot shower.

What is the freezing point of water under normal conditions?

0˚C.

What is the density of water?

1g/cm³.

What is Boyle's Law?

Boyle's Law states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume at a constant temperature.

What is Charles's Law?

Charles's Law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature at a constant pressure.

What is Lussac's Law?

Lussac's Law states that the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature at a constant volume.

What happens to particles in a solid when heated?

When heated, particles in a solid begin to move faster.

What is it called when particles in a solid or liquid move slower and closer together?

Contraction.

What is the universal solvent?

Water is known as the universal solvent because it can dissolve more substances than any other liquid.

What is surface tension?

Surface tension is the property of water that allows molecules at the surface to 'stick together'.

What percentage of the Earth's surface is covered by water?

Approximately 70%.

What is the significance of water's polarity?

Water's polarity allows it to dissolve other polar substances.

What is an example of a chemical change that occurs when baking a cake?

Baking the cake at a high temperature changes the batter into a new substance.

What is an example of a physical change that occurs when baking a cake?

Whipping the eggs until fluffy.

What happens to the volume of a gas when its pressure decreases?

The volume of the gas increases, according to Boyle's Law.

What is the effect of specific heat capacity on climate?

Specific heat capacity affects the amount of precipitation around large lakes and oceans.

What is the process of a solid changing directly to a gas called?

Sublimation.

What happens to the volume of a gas when its temperature increases?

The volume of the gas increases, according to Charles's Law.