Intro to Spain Midterm

Which climate is the most prominent in Spain?

The Continental climate.

What’s the highest peak in Spain? 

• The Teide volcano in Tenerife (Canary Islands). 

What is the length of the Spanish coastline? 

• 4,971 miles.

Which people represent the indigenous culture of the Iberian Peninsula?

• The Iberians

Which people introduced viticulture and olive cultivation? 

• The Greeks.

Who were the first to establish provinces on the peninsula? 

• The Romans.

Which people succeeded the Romans? 

The Visigoths

What waWhat was the capital of Al-Andalus during its golden age? 

s the capital of Al-Andalus during its golden age? 

Cordoba

During the time of Al-Andalus, which communities were generally allowed to maintain their own religious institutions, laws, and courts?

Christians and Jews

Which kingdoms were united through the marriage of the Catholic Monarchs? 

• The Kingdom of Castile and the Kingdom of Aragon.

Which king became one of the most powerful rulers in history, inheriting Spain, the Holy Roman Empire, and territories across Europe and the Americas? 

• Charles I of Spain / V of Germany.

Under which king did Spain reach the height of its influence, ruling vast territories in Europe, the Americas, and Asia? 

• Under Philip II.

What was one of the main causes of the decline of the Spanish Empire in the 16th century?

• The disaster of the Spanish Armada.

Who is the current King of Spain? 

• Philip VI of Bourbon.

What was the main cause of the problems during the Second Republic? 

• The ideological conflicts over Education between the Church and the government.

When was women’s suffrage approved in Spain? 

• In 1931, with the Constitution of the Second Republic.

What event is considered the start of the Spanish Civil War? 

• A failed military coup against the Republican government.

Which factions fought in the Spanish Civil War? 

• The Nationalist faction and the Republican faction.

Which countries supported the Nationalist bloc during the Civil War? 

• Italy and Germany.

What was a key moment in the end of the Civil War? 

• The occupation of Madrid by the Nationalist faction.

What were the years of Franco's dictatorship? 

• From 1939 to 1975.

What characterized Franco's dictatorship? 

• Authoritarianism, political repression, centralized nationalism and censorship.

Thanks to which monarch did the process of democratization begin after Franco’s regime? 

• Juan Carlos I of Bourbon.

From what year is the current constitution? 

• From 1978.

What are the three co-official languages of Spain? 

• Catalan, Galician and Basque

What historical period saw the greatest repression of Spain’s peripheral cultures? 

• The Franco dictatorship.

What does the acronym E.T.A. stand for? 

• Basque Homeland and Liberty.

What strategies did E.T.A. use in its fight for independence? 

• Bombings, assassinations and kidnappings.

What was the most complex moment in the Catalan independence struggle?

• The binding referendum of 2017.

What is the main motivation behind the Catalan independence movement?

• The desire for more control over regional taxes.

Who is currently the President of the Spanish government? 

• Pedro Sánchez (PSOE).

What type of monarchy does Spain have? 

• A parliamentary monarchy.

Into which branches are the powers of the state divided? 

• Legislative, executive and judicial.

How often are general elections held in Spain? 

• Every four years.

What are the two major political parties? 

• PSOE and PP.

What areas does the Spanish welfare state cover? 

• Education, healthcare, pensions and taxation.

What is causing concerns about the sustainability of the pension system?

• The increasingly aging population of Spain.

What percentage of the National Health System is supported by taxation? 

• Around 77%.

What is Vocational Training? 

• A technical and career-based education.

Who receives a non-contributory pension? 

• Those without sufficient contributions to the system during their working life, aimed at ensuring a basic income.

In what year did Spain join the European Union? 

• In 1986.

What treaty initiated the conflict between Spain and the United Kingdom over the territory of Gibraltar?

• The Treaty of Utrecht (1713).

What event led Spain to withdraw its troops from Iraq? 

• The Madrid terrorist attack of March 11, 2004.

Which economic activities are part of the secondary sector? 

• The activities related to industrial transformation.

Livestock farming and mining are activities related to… 

• The primary sector. 

Which is the most prominent renewable energy in Spain? 

• Eolic/ wind energy. 

The tertiary sector is the dominant one, making up around ____% of Spain’s GDP.

• 70%.