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Acids, Bases, and PH
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Acid
a substance that donates protons (H+) or accepts electron pairs
Base
a substance that accepts protons (H+) or donates electron pairs
Buffer
a solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added
Conjugate Acid-Base Pair
two species that differ by one proton (H+)
Hydronium Ion
H3O+, the form of H+ in aqueous solution
Neutralization
a reaction between an acid and base to form water and a salt
pH
a scale measuring hydrogen ion concentration; pH = -log[H+]
Strong Acid/Base
completely ionizes in water
Titration
a procedure to determine concentration by adding measured amounts of reagent
Weak Acid/Base
Partially ionizes in water