Gastrointestinal, Respiratory, and Sensory Inflammatory Disorders

Practice flashcards covering gallbladder disease, appendicitis, celiac disease, conjunctivitis, tuberculosis, otitis media, influenza, and pneumonia based on lecture notes.

Cholecystitis

Inflammation of the gallbladder, often caused by gallstones lodged in the cystic duct.

Cholelithiasis

The formation of stones in the gallbladder, which obstructs the flow of bile.

URQ pain

Pain in the upper right quadrant that may radiate to the mid-sternal area or right shoulder, associated with gallbladder disease.

UDCA and CDCA

Pharmacological therapies used for 6-12 months for clients with gallstones who refuse surgery.

Appendicitis

Inflammation of the vermiform appendix, a tube-like pouch attached to the cecum.

Fecalith

A hard piece of stool that can cause obstruction of the appendix leading to ischemia, bacteria growth, and gangrene.

Rovsing sign

A clinical sign of appendicitis where pain is felt in the right lower quadrant upon palpation of the left lower quadrant.

Peritoneoscopy

A diagnostic procedure providing a direct view of the peritoneum to assess appendicitis or other abdominal conditions.

Celiac Disease

An autoimmune disorder of the small intestine caused by the consumption of gluten, leading to a failure to absorb nutrients.

Steatorrhea

Fatty stools associated with Celiac Disease.

Rickets

A condition caused by vitamin deficiency that weakens bones, noted as a symptom of Celiac Disease.

Gluten

A substance found in rye, wheat, barley, and oats that must be avoided by individuals with Celiac Disease.

Conjunctivitis

Inflammation of the conjunctiva, commonly known as pink eye.

Photophobia

Sensitivity to light, which is a symptom of conjunctivitis.

Tuberculosis (TB)

An infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and transmitted by droplet nuclei.

Isoniazid

A TB medication that should be taken on an empty stomach; side effects may include peripheral neuropathy and hepatotoxicity.

Rifampin

A TB medication known to cause orange discoloration of body secretions.

Airborne Precautions

Safety measures required for TB patients, including the use of an N95 mask and a negative pressure room.

Otitis Media

Inflammation of the middle ear; primary bacterial factors include Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.

Tympanometry

A diagnostic test used to evaluate the function of the middle ear and the mobility of the tympanic membrane.

Influenza

A highly contagious viral respiratory disease that infects epithelium cells in the nose, throat, trachea, and bronchi.

Reye Syndrome

A serious complication of influenza; patients are advised to take no aspirin to avoid this condition.

Pneumonia

Inflammation of the lung parenchyma where alveoli are filled with fluid, mucus, or pus.

Lung Parenchyma

The functional tissue of the lungs affected during pneumonia.

Tamiflu

A medication for influenza that may cause gastrointestinal upset or hallucinations.