ch 8 pt 1

exam 4- pelvis and hip

what is the function of the pelvis and hip

• support for head, arms, and trunk (HAT)

• absorbs descending force from the upper body & ascending forces from the LE 

• Central point for body symmetry 

what is the sacrum and how many vertebrae are there

• Triangle shaped 

• Located between 5th lumbar vertebrae and coccyx

• Five sacral vertebrae

what forms the pelvis

2 hip bones

sacrum

coccyx

what are the 3 distinct portions of the hip bone

what is the pubic symphysis

(anterior)

• provides fibrocartilage disk, direct connection of 2 hip bones

what is your aceteabulum

where the allium, ishium, and pubis meet

form head of socket for femur

identify the:

iliac crest,

anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS),

posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS)

greater sciatic notch

ischial tuberosity

greater sciatic notch - blood vessels and nerves

ischial tuberosity- Primary point for contact with seating surface

describe te femur

• Longest bone in body 

• Femoral head: articulates with acetabulum, spongy cancellous bone

• Angle of inclination: 120°-130°  angle from neck to axis of shaft

what are the joints of the pelvis and hip and their purpose

Absorb and transfer forces

• Sacroiliac joint

• Hip joint (Acetabulofemoral joint)

describe the sacroiliac joint

• stabilizes pelvis under strain of opposing forces

• Synovial joint

what kind of joint it is the hip joint and what movements can it do

ball and socket- triaxial

flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, external and internal rotation

what are the ligaments of the hip joint

Iliofemoral, 

Ischiofemoral 

 Pubofemoral

Round ligament (ligament capitis femoris):uf

function of the Iliofemoral, Ischiofemoral & Pubofemoral ligaments

Encircle the head of the femur stabilizing it and limiting excessive abduction & extension.

round ligament (ligament capitis femoris) function

Direct support between femoral head & acetabulum, internal, contains an artery providing blood supply to femoral head

what is ankylosing spondylitis

• Inflammatory condition in spine

• Fusion of skeletal structures

• Begins in SI joint and progresses into vertebrae

• Significant mobility limitations of spine and pain

what Is the pelvic floor (diaphragm)

inferior muscle wall of pelvic cavity

what are the hip flexors and their functions

• Iliopsoas Muscles 

Psoas major

Iliacus 

• Flex the trunk

• Tilt pelvis anteriorly 

what do the illiopsoas muscle do (illiacus and poses major)

hip flexion

what are the hip extensors

Gluteus maximus

describe the gluteus Maximus and its actions

• Largest gluteal muscle

• High force demands (running, climbing

does hip extension, hyperextension, and external rotation