MODULE 9: DRUG ACTING ON THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYTEM

hypnotics, tranquilizers, and sedative

Tranquilizers

Without drowsiness

Sedative

Drowsiness and hypnosis

barbiturates

Through oral route or injectable (low dose it will become hypnotic.

Chloral hydrate

good choice as hypnotics

benzodiazepine

Muscle relaxants

Diazepam

Muscle relaxant drug and mood stabilizer

Midazolam

Muscle relaxant, hypnotics, and mixed with zolazepam.

Chlordiazepoxide

normally may cause an effect to the liver which causes icterus.

phenothiazine

tranquilizer/sedative without analgesic effects

Acepromazine / xylazine

Commonly used in horses, because visual and auditory are not affected.

But is causes Priapism in Horses, which penile prolapse and does not retract.

Chlorpromazine

Used as hypnotics, sedative tranquilizer, and as anti-emetic drug in dogs but not in cats

Used as anti-arrhythmic drug

When Chlorpromazine increases the function/activity of Dichlorvos (OP-compound) and Physostigmine (ACh Inhibitor)

Epinephrine

Contraindicated with chlorpromazine.

Promazine

Seldom use in equine practice because before the horse experience hypnosis it would experience little excitement

Triflupromazine

In sheep, it affects the erythrocytes (RBC)

Ethylisobuterazine

Mostly used in small animal practice as a sedative, to calm the patient (ex. grooming).

It is used to prevent mutilation, to quiet the animal.

Chlorprothixene

A thioxanthene, which is a good anti-emetic, antihistamine - Note the in Pigs, it increases the body temperature leading to Hyperthermia.

Haloperidol

It may cause Galactorrhea (excessive excretion of milk)

Is also a psychotropic drug

Droperidol

Used as anti-emetic - Epinephrine is contraindicated - It may cause Galactorrhea (excessive excretion of milk)

Azaperone

Used in swine, to correct malignant hyperthermia - Used to prevent aggression in a piglets and sow (alternative is Redhorse)

reserpine

neuronal blocking sympatholytic drug

Methoserpate

neuronal blocking sympatholytic drug

Butyrophenone

Haloperidol

droperidol

azaperone

leperone

Thioxanthene

Chlorprothixene

Phenothiazine

acepromazine/ xylazine

Chlorpromazine

Promazine

Triflupromazine

ethylisobuterazine

Benzodiazepine

Diazepam

Midazolam

Chlordiazepoxide