EENT (Eyes, Ears, Nose, & Throat) Anatomy and Conditions

These flashcards cover key vocabulary related to the anatomy and conditions of the ears, eyes, nose, and throat as outlined in the lecture notes.

Sclera

The 'white of the eye'; forms the outer protective layer of the eye.

Optic nerve

Transmits nerve impulses from the eye to the brain.

Cornea

The transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber.

Iris

The colored part of the eye that includes muscles that control the size of the pupil.

Pupil

The opening in the center of the iris that regulates the amount of light entering the eye.

Vitreous humor

The gel-like substance that fills the space between the lens and the retina.

Macula

The central area of the retina that provides sharp, detailed central vision.

Myopia

A refractive error also known as nearsightedness, where distant objects appear blurry.

Hyperopia

A refractive error also known as farsightedness, where near objects are difficult to focus on.

Astigmatism

A refractive error caused by an irregular shape of the cornea or lens.

Presbyopia

An age-related condition where the lens loses flexibility, making it difficult to focus on nearby objects.

Tinnitus

A ringing or buzzing noise in one or both ears that may indicate an underlying condition.

Otitis Externa

An inflammation or infection of the external auditory canal, often referred to as swimmer's ear.

Otitis Media

An infection of the middle ear that may accompany upper respiratory infections.

Impacted Cerumen

A condition caused by excessive earwax buildup that can lead to pain and impaired hearing.

Ruptured Tympanic Membrane

A tear in the eardrum often caused by injury or infection, leading to fluid leakage.

Allergic Rhinitis

An allergic reaction that causes sneezing, itching, and a runny nose; can be seasonal or perennial.

Sinusitis

Inflammation of the sinuses that can cause congestion, pain, and nasal drainage.

Epistaxis

Commonly known as a nosebleed, often occurring due to trauma or dry nasal passages.

Laryngitis

Inflammation of the larynx, leading to hoarseness or loss of voice.

Pharyngitis

Inflammation of the pharynx, often causing a sore throat.

Strep Throat

A bacterial infection of the throat that causes pain and swelling, often treated with antibiotics.