baltimore virus classifications

class 1

• Double-Stranded DNA Viruses

• ex: herpes

class 2

• Single-Stranded DNA Viruses

• ex: Parvoviruses

class 3

• Double-Stranded RNA Viruses

• ex: Rotaviruses

class 4 (IV)

• + single-stranded RNA viruses

• ex: Coronaviruses

class 5 (V)

• - Single-Stranded RNA Viruses

• ex: Influenza viruses

class 6 (VI)

• Single-Stranded RNA Viruses with Reverse Transcriptase

• ex: HIV

class 7 (VII)

• Double-Stranded DNA Viruses with Reverse Transcriptase

• ex: Hepatitis B virus

class 1

These viruses typically enter the nucleus of the host cell, where they use the host's DNA-dependent RNA polymerase to transcribe their DNA into mRNA.

class 2

They replicate in the nucleus, forming a double-stranded DNA intermediate, which is then transcribed into mRNA

class 3

they carry their own RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, which transcribes the genomic RNA into mRNA inside the host cell

class 4 (IV)

Their RNA genome can directly serve as mRNA and be translated by the host's ribosomes. These viruses also replicate their RNA genome in the cytoplasm

class 5 (V)

These viruses carry an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase to transcribe their RNA genome into a complementary mRNA

class 6 (VI)

They use reverse transcriptase to convert their RNA into DNA, which then integrates into the host's genome and is transcribed into mRNA

class 7 (VII)

These viruses replicate their DNA via an RNA intermediate using reverse transcriptase.