The Endosymbiotic Theory Notes

cell w/ a nucleus

Eukaryotic cell

a small membrane-bound structure inside a eukaryotic cell

Organelle

container of genetic material

Nucleus

ATP producers “Powerhouse”

Mitochondria

perform photosynthesis and make sugars

Chloroplasts

Boundary of inside and outside (make all of this happen)

Membrane

Where did organelles come from?

Organelles inside eukaryotic cells were collected overtime and then paused on as the cells divided

The______ _______ suggests that organelles inside eukaryotic cells were once __________

endosymbiotic theory

free-living bacteria

What is a word used for the eukaryotic cells that tried to eat these small bacteria by taking them into their cytoplasm for digestion

Phagocytosis

Is bacteria have their own genetic material and cell processes?

Yes

The bacteria eventually became ____ on the larger eukaryotic cell and ____________

Depends

Could not exist out outside the cell membrane

Over time the _______ from these bacteria was even added to the DNA in the eukaryotic cell and the bacteria_______ on their own

genetic material

lost the ability to reproduce

Over many years, what those bacteria became?

Organelles

Is it true that not all the bacteria inside the eukaryotic cell lost their genetic material

Yes, it’s true

What is the word for having a circular ring of DNA (so do bacteria) inside their membranes that is separate from the nucleus of the eukaryotic cell?

Mitochondria

“they also reproduce themselves inside your cells”

For this reason, mitochondria are thought of by scientists as _____

endosymbionts

In plant cells, _____ have their own circular DNA and do not rely on the cell to reproduce them

chloroplasts

What are the example of endosymbiosis

Termites - cannot digest food

Lichen- a fungus that has photosynthetic algae inside its cells and they often found attached to rocks or trees

The termites they have small organisms in their get that________

break down the cellulose fibers of wood

If the termites didn’t have these organisms, they _____

won’t be able to eat wood

The algae _______ and the fungus protects the algae

make food for the fungus

The _______ would not be able to function without the organelles in it

modern eukaryotic cell

What process takes place in mitochondria?

aerobic respiration

What process takes place in chloroplasts?

photosynthesis