what is science
the study of natural phenomena
scientific process
observation, scientific question, hypothesis, prediction, experiment, conclusion
types of controls
negative, positive and baseline
negative control
placebo. given “treatment” that doesnt actually have effect
positive control
a different treatment that has the same effect as the tested treatment
baseline control
tested group doesnt receive treatment for a short time
Alternative hypothesis vs null hypothesis
Ha - a differnce between variables is anticipated
H0 - there will be no difference between observed and expected data
Chi Squared Equation
χ^2= ∑((O-E)^2/E)
O = observed data
E = expected data
if result in less than or equal to the p-value, accept the null hypothesis