Cultural Norms and Cognitive Biases

Flashcards about cultural norms and cognitive biases

Cultural Norms

Shared standards and rules that guide behaviors within a society, affecting communication styles, values, beliefs, and appropriate behaviors.

Impact of Cultural Norms

Significantly influence human behavior and mental processes, serving as collective expectations that guide how individuals within a society should act and think.

Cultural Norms and Psychology

Set the stage for the socialization process, informing individuals about the roles they are expected to play and the behaviors that are seen as acceptable or taboo.

Cognitive Biases

Ways of thinking that can prevent people from drawing rational or objective conclusions; they are consistent patterns that lead to faulty assumptions about other people and situations.

Impact of Cognitive Biases

Can influence how someone sees the world, creating a personal version of reality based on their own perceptions, rather than on actual facts, leading to poor decision-making, misjudgements, and distorted thinking.

Confirmation Bias

The tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that validates one’s preexisting beliefs or hypotheses, while giving less consideration to alternative possibilities.

Hindsight Bias

The tendency to see events that have already occurred as being more predictable than they were before they took place (knew-it-all-along effect).

Overconfidence Bias

When a person’s subjective confidence in their judgements is reliably greater than their objective accuracy, especially when confidence is relatively high.

Importance of Limiting Cognitive Biases

Recognizing and limiting the influence of biases can lead to improved judgement, better interpersonal relationships, and more effective problem-solving skills.