Unit 1 Morgan HLST 200 flashcard

Vocabulary flashcards covering core concepts from Unit 1, including models of health promotion, social determinants of health, and stages of behavior change.

Health

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

Lalonde Report (1974)

A landmark Canadian report titled 'A New Perspective on the Health of Canadians' that introduced the Health Field Concept comprising human biology, environment, lifestyle, and healthcare organization.

Health Promotion

The process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health through social and environmental interventions.

Epidemiology

The study of how often diseases occur in different groups of people and why.

Descriptive Epidemiology

A branch of epidemiology that examines the distribution of diseases in a specific population.

Analytic Epidemiology

A branch of epidemiology that investigates causal factors related to diseases.

Social Epidemiology

A branch of epidemiology focusing on how social structures affect our health.

Wellness

A purposeful, enjoyable living and deliberate lifestyle choice characterized by personal responsibility and optimal enhancement of physical, mental, and spiritual health.

Hygiene

The science of the establishment and maintenance of health, consisting of conditions or practices conducive to health.

Indigenous Wellness

A whole and healthy person expressed through a sense of balance of spirit, emotion, mind, and body, supported by a caring family, community, and connection to land and ancestry.

Holism

The interconnectedness between the physical mind and body, emotions, spiritual world, and individuals with their family members, community, and nation.

Medicine Wheel

A guide used to direct community members toward healthy living, featuring concentric circles representing personal responsibility, balance, values, relationships, and health determinants.

Social Determinants of Health

The economic and social conditions that shape the health of individuals, communities, and jurisdictions as a whole.

Developmental Vulnerability

A term describing children whose skills and behaviors are assessed at a lower level compared to their peers.

Food Security

The state where all individuals have access to enough safe and nutritious food to maintain health.

Social Exclusion

The lack of opportunity to participate fully in society, including denial of participation in civil affairs, access to social goods, cultural activities, and economic opportunities.

Social Safety Net

Programs and services that benefit and assist individuals during various life transitions, such as periods of unemployment.

Predisposing Factors

Factors that encourage or inhibit a behavior change, such as knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, values, self-efficacy, and demographic factors.

Enabling Factors

Factors that make it possible or easier for individuals or populations to change their behaviors can be positive or negative. Such as physical capabilities, resources, living conditions, accessible services, encourage you to choose unhealthy lifestyle options or health services that don’t have your best interest at heart

Reinforcing Factors

Factors that support and encourage behavior change through praise, recognition, rewards, and healthy community policies.

Health Belief Model

A framework that explains and predicts health behaviors based on personal attitudes and beliefs.

Perceived Susceptibility

An individual's assessment of their personal risk of developing a health issue.

Perceived Severity

An individual's belief regarding how serious a health condition and its consequences would be.

Perceived Benefits

An individual's belief in the positive outcomes or advantages of taking a health-related action.

Cues to Action

Events or external signs that trigger an individual to move from considering a health change to actually acting.

Self-Efficacy

An individual's belief in their ability to execute and maintain a healthy lifestyle change.

Precede-Proceed Model

A planning and evaluation model for health promotion that uses a socio-ecological approach to guide individual behavior change and community environmental improvements.

Quality of Life Model

A framework emphasizing individual physical, psychological, and spiritual functioning across the domains of Being, Belonging, and Becoming.

Amotivated

A motivation state in Self-Determination Theory where a person does not value a behavior and does not believe it will lead to a desirable outcome.

Extrinsically Motivated

A motivation state where a person engages in a behavior to achieve a reward or avoid a negative consequence.

Intrinsically Motivated

A motivation state where a person engages in a behavior purely for its own sake and inherent enjoyment.

Motivational Interviewing (RULE)

An interviewing technique summarized by the RULE acronym: Resist righting reflex, Understand client motivation, Listen with empathy, and Empower clients.

Precontemplation Stage

The initial stage of change in which an individual is unaware of a health problem and has no intention to change.

Contemplation Stage

The stage of change where an individual recognizes a problem and considers changing behavior within 6 months.

Preparation Stage

The stage of change where an individual intends to take specific action and make changes within 1 month.

Action Stage

The stage of change in which an individual modifies their behavior according to their established plan.

Maintenance Stage

The stage of change where an individual continues working to sustain a new behavior, lasting from 6 months to a lifetime.

Termination Stage

Final stage of change where a healthy behavior becomes deeply ingrained as a habit - taking 2 to 5 years.

Primary Prevention

Health strategies designed to prevent diseases or health problems from occurring in healthy individuals.

Demography

The study of the size, growth, age structure, distribution, and vitality factors (births, deaths, migrations) of populations.

Norms

Behaviors that are expected, accepted, or supported by a social group.