HOA1 - EGYPTIAN ARCHITECTURE

NILE RIVER

- the longest river in the world

NILE ON ARCHITECTURE

- people settled along the river

- oblong settlements and important buildings were built perpendicular to to the river

- elaborate system of dikes and canals to control flood and water irrigation

CLIMATIC INFLUENCES

- simple design

- sufficient light reached the indoor through doors and roof stilts

- windows are not needed which results to unbroken massive walls

STONE

- reserved for the temples and other monumental constructions

SUNDRIED BRICKS

- principal materials used in EGYPT

THEBAN TRIAD

- ammon

- muth

- khons

MEMPHIS TRIAD

- ptah

- sekhmet

- nefertem

BRICK MASTABA

- burial tombs of the kings

CORBELLING

- constructed by offsetting successive cources of stone at the springline of thw walls

PAPYRUS

- symbol for upper egypt

LOTUS

- symbol for lower egypt

ENTABLATURE

- beam member carried by the columns

COLLONADE

- number of columns arranged in order or at intervals supporting and entablature and usually one side of roof

ARCHITRAVE

- lowest part of entablature

ABACUS

- uppermost part of the capital

MASTABAS

- rectanguolar flat roof structure with slide sloping at an 75 angle

- constructed out mud-bricks or stone

PORTICULLISE

- shafts providing air for people before the burial

THI

- famous royal architect and superintendent of pyramids

MORTUARY TEMPLE / OFFERING CHAPEL

- with stelae usually on the east side and ocassionally on the north

CAUSEWAY

- passage connecting a valley temple with a pyramid

VALLEY TEMPLE

- used for the worship of the dead

STEP PYRAMID

- steps like tiers edges and sides

STEP PYRAMID OF DJOSER

- world's first large scale monument in stone built by IMHOTEP

BENT PYRAMID

- with slopes, the lower portion having a steeper slope, and upper portion in a shallower slope

PYRAMID OF KHUFU (CHEOPS)

- oldest and largest of the three pyramids

ROCK-CUT TOMBS

- private tombs hollowed out of the living rocl at remote sites fronted by a shallow columned portico

CULT TEMPLES

- known as the mansions of the gods

- dedicated to the worships of the gods of egypt-- amun, ptah, horus, osiris

- designed to accommodate their images

MORTUARY TEMPLES

- mansions of million of years

- dedicated to the worship of the defied pharaoh

MAMSI TEMPLE

- house off the divine birth

- birth house containing statue of the god/goddess isis horus

TEMPLE ARCHITECTURE

- approached by avenues of recumbent animals

- pair of obelisks flanked the main entrance to the temple

- collosal statues

- temple walls were designed with inward inclination

BATTERED WALLS

- inward inclinations of walls

HYPOSTYLE HALL

- a large space with a flat roof supported by rows of columns

OBELISK

- symbol of heliopolos

- tall, narrow, four-sided monolith

- tapering monument which ends in a pyramidal top

- heaight is 9X the diameter of the base

PYLON

- monumental gateway to a temple consisting of two pair of tower

- structured with battered walls flanking the entrance portal

VALLY OF KINGS

- a corridor tomb

- was the royal necropolis of ancient egypt where the kings and powerful nobles were burried

TEMPLE OF LUXOR

- was mostly built by amenophis iii

- dedicated to the theban triad of amun, mut and khonsu