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Annotations

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Inciting Incident

An event that sets up the main character on the journey that will occupy them throughout the narrative. Purpose; launches a story.

Hero’s Journey

Common narrative archetype, story template, that involves a hero who goes on an adventure, learns a lesson, wins a victory with that newfound knowledge, and then returns home transformed.

Prologue

An introductory section of a literary work, typically providing background information or context to the main story. It sets the stage for the events that follow.

Epilogue

A section at the end of a story that comments on the aftermath of the main events, often providing closure or reflection on the narrative.

Allegory

A story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one.

Poetry

A literary work in which special intensity is given to the expression of feelings and ideas by use of devices, style, and rhythm.

Couplet

Two consecutive lines that rhyme.

Enjambment

The practice of running lines of poetry from one line to the next without punctuation.

Assonance

Repetition of similar vowel sounds. A, E, L, O, U, Y.

Consonance

Repetition of similar consonant sounds.

Refrain

A line, phrase, or stanza repeated at regular intervals to emphasize theme, to create rhythm, or add musicality.

Anaphora

The repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of a line—The deliberate repetition to create rhythm, intensity, focus, and style.

Rhyme

Repetition of identical sound patterns. Makes writing memorable or catchy.

Quatrain

A four line stanza. Does not have to rhyme,

Parallelism

Literary device in which parts of the sentence are grammatically the same, or are similar in construction.

Juxtaposition

The fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect.

Analogy

A comparison between two things, typically for the purpose of explanation or clarification.

Dramatic irony

Occurs when the audience/reader knows information that the characters do not.

Allusion

A brief, indirect reference to a person, place, thing, or idea of historical or cultural significance.

Situational Irony

a literary device and real-world occurrence where the actual outcome of a situation is the exact opposite of what was intended or expected.

Oxymoron

A figure of speech that combines two contradictory or opposite words to create with.

Verbal Irony

Using words to convey a meaning that is opposite to or markedly different from their literal interpretation.

Pun

A joke. Adds humor and wit to a story.

Motif

A recurring element that repeats throughout the story to reinforce its central theme.

Hyperbole

Exaggerated statement or claim. Not meant to be taken literally.

Idiom

Phrase or expression whose meaning is not literal and can only be understood through cultural context.

Paradox

A statement that appears self-contradictory or absurd but contains an underlying truth when examined closely.

Prose

The ordinary form of written or spoken language that follows natural grammatical structure.