Human-Environment Interaction and Population Dynamics

Human-Environment Interaction

Geographers study how humans depend on, adapt to, and modify the environment.

Impact of human activities

Human activities like farming, deforestation, and urbanization affect the environment.

Human-Environment Interaction

Geographers study how humans depend on, adapt to, and modify the environment.

Impact of human activities

Human activities like farming, deforestation, and urbanization affect the environment.

Evolution of geographic thought

Geography shifted from just describing places to analyzing relationships between people, places, and the environment.

Modern geography

Uses technology like GIS and focuses on global issues like climate change.

Geographic scale

The geographic scale refers to the level of detail or scope of a map or study, like local, regional, national, or global.

Application of scale in geographic analysis

Geographers compare patterns at different scales to see trends.

Spatial patterns

Regions are areas with shared characteristics, like culture, climate, or language.

Evolving regional boundaries

Globalization, technology, and migration are making boundaries blur.

Population distribution

Most people live in densely populated areas like Asia or coastal regions, while deserts, mountains, and cold areas are sparsely populated.

Birth and death rates over time

In the Demographic Transition Model (DTM), early stages have high birth and death rates, middle stages see death rates drop, and later stages have both rates low.

Measures of population aging

Measures: % of people over age 65.

Trends of population aging

Aging populations are common in developed regions like Europe and Japan, where birth rates are low, and people live longer.

Mobility transition model

This model shows how migration patterns change as a country develops.

Forced migration

Forced migration happens when people are forced to leave their home due to war, natural disasters, persecution, or slavery.

Early stages of migration patterns

Mostly rural-to-rural or rural-to-urban moves.

Advanced stages of migration patterns

More international and urban-to-urban moves.

Forced Migration

People are forced to leave their homes due to war, famine, natural disaster, persecution, or slavery