HUMANBIOLOGY_CHAPTER30

The ______ system of animals has organs that produce gametes.

reproductive

Spermatogenesis is the

production of sperm.

Assuming mutations do not occur, all offspring generated from asexual reproduction are

identical to the parent and to each other.

Select all of the cells that are haploid.

• spermatids

• mature sperm

• secondary spermatocytes

The embryo is formed from cell divisions of the ______.

zygote

GnRH?

produced by hypothalamus; stimulates anterior pituitary to release hormones

FSH and LH?

produced by anterior pituitary; stimulate testes to release hormones

testosterone

produced by testes; stimulates development of of sperm and secondary sex characteristics

In humans, meiosis that produces egg cells first begins ______ and then pauses.

before birth

In animals, egg cells develop in organs called the ______, which are gonads.

ovaries

The production of egg cells is called

oogenesis.

During spermatogenesis, two ______ undergo meiosis II to produce four ______.

haploid secondary spermatocytes; haploid spermatids

The ovarian cycle is responsible for the timing of ______ maturation in the ovaries.

oocyte

In males, GnRH secreted by the hypothalamus causes the release of the pituitary hormones ______, which influence the production and function of testosterone in the testes.

FSH and LH

After ovulation in animals, the ruptured follicle differentiates into a gland called the ______.

corpus luteum

In egg formation, meiosis is not completed until ______ occurs.

fertilization

Select all of the symptoms that are associated with premenstrual syndrome in women.

• depression

• menstrual cramps

• breast tenderness

• headaches

Select all of the following that are produced by the ovaries.

• sex hormones

• egg cells

An intrauterine device (IUD) acts as birth control by ______, while condoms act to ______.

preventing embryo implantation; block the meeting of sperm and oocyte

Oogenesis is the

making of an egg cell.

The ovarian cycle is controlled by Blank______ fluctuations.

hormone

The first 2 weeks of prenatal development can be called the ______ stage.

preembryonic

Select all of the hormones that are secreted by the corpus luteum after ovulation.

• estrogen

• progesterone

During the ______ stage, the organs of the embryo begin to develop.

embryonic

The organ systems have formed, are functioning, and begin to interact during the ______ stage.

fetal

Select the mechanisms which are used in different types of contraceptives to prevent pregnancy.

• prevent ovulation

• prevent implantation

• block or kill sperm

Fertilization is complete when ______.

the sperm and egg DNA combine

Select all of the following that take place during the embryonic stage of human development.

• Membranes that support and protect the embryo develop.

• Different organs of the embryo form.

The ______ stage is the third stage of prenatal development and lasts from 9 weeks to 38 weeks.

fetal

The first 2 weeks of prenatal development can be called the ______ stage.

preembryonic

The smooth muscle of the ______ contracts during labor and birth.

uterus