Lab Animal Technical Skills (test your understanding)

What is the purpose of GLPs?

Govern the technical conduct of research from start to finish.

GLPs regulate which of the following types of research?

Safety testing of various products for human and animal use including drugs

Which individual represents the single point of study control at the research facility?

study director

What do you call a chronological list of action steps written for completion of a task?

SOPs

Which of the following in NOT an example of raw data?

Copied temperatures from printouts into a notebook

Which of the following DOES NOT result in a facility getting disqualified?

Quality Assurance inspections had to be performed during a study.

T or F: Quality Assurance reports directly to the Study Director and must also be engaged in research.

False

T or F: Standard SOPs are written out step-by-step within each study protocol.

False

T or F: Only the most current SOPs must be kept for record inspection; previous drafts are discarded.

False

T or F: Personnel must be trained to perform each SOP; SOPs are not training manuals!

True

For which two species does the Animal Welfare Regulations require a documented environmental enrichment/exercise plan?

Dogs and nonhuman primates

Which environmental enrichment type would NOT be provided if mice on a study receive a special diet?

Food treats scattered in the bedding

Which item is NOT an appropriate form of enrichment for mice?

puzzle feeders

According to the AWA and Animal Welfare Regulations, when can an IACUC exempt specific animals from environmental enrichment programs?

when doing so is scientifically justified

When adding enrichment for guinea pigs, it is important to remember that:

they scare easily

What is an appropriate goal for an enrichment program?

increase species-typical behaviors

Which of the following is NOT a reason for witholding pre-anesthetic drugs in rats and mice?

Calculating doses would be inconvenient and waste drug based on rodent size.

Which route is most commonly used for administration of injectable anesthesia in rodents?

IP

Which agent is the most commonly used for inhalant anesthesia in rodents?

Isoflurane

Why is thermal support and monitoring so important during rodent anesthesia?

Rodents have a large surface area over which heat is lost rapidly.

Fluid support for rodents under anesthesia is provided via which of the following methods?

SC/SQ

How should you house rodents recovering from anesthesia?

Individually in a cage.

Hypothermia is used for anesthesia in rodent pups if all but which condition is met?

Pups are unconscious.

Which of the following species are coprophagic?

Rabbits

Why should rabbits be sedated prior to using inhalant anesthesia with a face mask?

Rabbits will become stressed and struggle without prior sedation

Which anatomical feature contributes to the challenge of intubation in rabbits?

Large incisors

Other than using drugs, which non-pharmaceutical techniques can you use to manage pain?

All of these

What is a grimace scale?

Utilizes facial features and expressions to assess pain

A '2' on a grimace scale for any feature or expression means that:

Pain is severe

Is this rat in pain?

Yes

Identify this piece of equipment.

Induction chamber

T or F: Atropine is the preferred anticholinergic for use in rabbits.

False

T or F: Pain scales work well even if you are not familiar with that species' behaviors.

False

An ABSL - 4 lab would be appropriate for working with which of the following hazards?

Agents causing life-threatening disease or have unknown transmission

Which is the starting point for planning biocontainment and biosafety strategies?

Biological Risk Assessment

Which of the following is NOT a component of the Biological Risk Assessment?

Cost associated with maintaining biosafety barriers and PPE.

Components of the biocontainment plan include which of the following?

Personnel training

Which of the following is an example of a primary barrier?

PPE

Which BSC pulls in room air away from your body and face toward the back of the cabinet?

Class I

Which BSC permits only sterile entry and exit of materials manipulated inside the cabinet?

Class III

What does this symbol indicate when working in the lab?

Biohazard

Most veterinary laboratories are classified as which of the following?

• ABSL - 1

• ABSL - 2

• ABSL - 3

• ABSL - 4

ABSL - 2

Which class of BSC is required for work in an ABSL - 4 lab?

Class III

What class BSC is this?

Class II

What class BSC is this?

Class I

What class BSC is this?

Class III

T or F: The OHSP is part of the biocontainment plan for a given agent at a facility.

True

T or F: A BSC is used whenever you are working with chemicals in the lab.

False

Which of the following techniques is usually NOTrecommended for handling a rat?

Scruff

What structure must be avoided when administering an intramuscular injection into the quadriceps muscle of the rabbit?

Sciatic nerve

Which abdominal quadrant of the rat is recommended to give an intraperitoneal injection?

Lower right quadrant

What is the maximum recommended volume for oral gavage in the rat?

10 ml/kg

In which venipuncture method can blood become contaminated with tissue?

Retro-orbital

Which location is being used for venipuncture in the rabbit in this image?

Marginal ear vein

Which area will NOT be used for routine SQ injections in the rabbit?

Between the scapulae

What is the most common location for IV injections and blood sample collection in the rabbit?

Marginal ear vein

When you are performing oral gavage, you are performing which of the following?

Introducing a tube into the esophagus to deliver material directly to the stomach

How would placing the rat's tail in warm water improve your chances for successful venipuncture of the lateral tail vein?

This helps to dilate the lateral tail veins.

How do you know how far to insert a gavage needle or gavage tube?

Measure from the tip of the nose to the last rib.

The most dangerous disease agent transmitted from NHPs to humans is known as:

Herpes B Virus

Where is tuberculin testing performed in NHPs?

the eyelid

Nitrile gloves are preferred when working with NHPs because:

They are more puncture resistant.

NHPs which are awake may be handled using which of the following?

Collar and pole

What is the preferred site for IM injection in NHPs?

Quadriceps muscle

A macaque that tests negative for Herpes B virus can be assumed to be free of infection.

False

What is the device used for?

Inserted into the beak to hold it open for procedures such as oral gavage or exam of the oral cavity.

Which of the following techniques would be most appropriate for opening a bird's beak for examination?

Insert an oral speculum.

Which site is most appropriate for collecting larger amounts of blood from a bird?

Right jugular

Why should silver nitrate never be used to control bleeding of blood feathers?

It can permanently damage the feather follicle.

To minimize hematoma formation when collecting blood in birds:

Choose the smallest gauge needle possible.

What is the most common site for fluid administration in the bird?

SC in the inguinal space

IM injections are administered in which location in birds?

Middle 1/3 of the pectoral muscles lateral to the keel.

Which site is most appropriate for placement of an intraosseous catheter in birds?

The distal ulna on the dorsal aspect.

Gavage feeding of birds should be performed as the last treatment to prevent:

Regurgitation

What is the maximum amount of blood you can collect from a healthy bird in a 24 hour period?

1 ml/100 grams

Which of the following avian diseases is a fungal infection?

Aspergillosis

Which of the following is a nematode infecting the trachea of birds which can result in respiratory distress and blocking of the trachea?

Gapeworm