Protozoa

The infective form of a protozoa is a:

cyst

The feeding form of a protozoa is a:

trophozoite

What 3 genera are intestinal Amebae that are motile via pseudopods?

1. Entamoeba

2. Iodamoeba

3. Endolimax

What is the only intestinal Amebae that is pathogenic?

Entamoeba histolytica

What amebae causes amebic dysentery, bloody diarrhea, and liver abscesses/amebic hepatitis?

Entamoeba histolytica

Finding trophs/cysts in ________ samples is diagnostic of Entamoeba histolytica.

stool

What amebae’s trophozoite exhibits directional motility, ingests RBCs, and has finely granular cytoplasm?

Entamoeba histolytica

What amebae’s cyst has cigar-shaped chromatoidal bodies, small central karyosome, and 2-4 nuclei?

Entamoeba histolytica

What amebae’s trophozoite has coarse, irregular chromatin and a large, eccentric karyosome?

Entamoeba coli

What amebae’s cyst has splinter-shaped chromatoidal bodies, large, eccentric karyosome, and 2-8 nuclei?

Entamoeba coli

What 2 Amebae genera are from other parts of the body besides the intestines are motile via pseudopods?

1. Naegleria

2. Acanthamoeba

What amebae enters the nasal area and travels to the brain to cause primary amebic meningoencephlitis (PAM)?

Naegleria fowleri

What amebae enters the eye or nasal area and travels to the central nervous system to cause granulomatous amebic encephalitis (GAE)?

Acanthamoeba species

What amebae has a trophozoite with a distinct nuclease and a cyst with wrinkled double wall?

Acanthamoeba species

What 4 genera are intestinal Flagellates that are motile via flagella?

1. Giardia

2. Dientamoeba

3. Chilomastix

4. Trichomonas

What is the most common parasite in the United States?

Giardia lamblia

What flagellate’s trophozoite has a “monkey face,” 2 nuclei, and 4 pairs of flagella?

Giardia lamblia

What flagellate’s cyst has 2-4 nuclei all at one end, central axostyle, and parabasal bodies?

Giardia lamblia

What flagellate causes Traveler’s diarrhea, dysentery, and malabsorption syndrome?

Giardia lamblia

What 2 genera of flagellates do not have cyst forms?

1. Dientamoeba

2. Trichomonas

What flagellate causes diarrhea and abdominal pain?

Dientamoeba fragilis

What flagellate’s trophozoite is pear-shaped, has 1 nucleus, and has 3 anterior flagella?

Chilomastix mesnili

What flagellate’s cyst has a lemon-shape, 1 nucleus, and cytostome with fibrils?

Chilomastix mesnili

What 2 Flagellates genera are from other parts of the body besides the intestines are motile via flagella?

1. Leishmania

2. Tryponosoma

What flagellate causes neglected tropical disease, Oriental sore, Bagdad boil, and Dumdum fever?

Leishmania species

What flagellate exists as a promastigote in sandflies?

Leishmania species

What flagellate exists as a amastigote in macrophages?

Leishmania species

What flagellate causes Chagas’ disease, sleeping sickness, coma, and death?

Trypanosoma species

What flagellate causes infection through the saliva of Tsetse flies or feces from the Triatomine bug?

Trypanosoma species

What flagellate has an undulating membrane and 1 anterior flagellum?

Trypanosoma species

What genera of protozoa are motile via cilia?

Balantidium

What 4 genera are intestinal Sporozoa with no apparent organelle of locomotion?

1. Cryptosporidium

2. Cyclospora

3. Isospora

4. Sarcocystis

What sporozoa causes infections by ingestion of oocysts?

Cryptosporidium species

What sporozoa causes Cholera-like watery diarrhea and can cause serious infection in AIDS and immunocompromised patients?

Cryptosporidium species

Sheather’s sugar and Kinyoun acid-fast stain are used in diagnosing what 2 sporozoa? How can you tell them apart?

1. Cryptosporidium species

2. Cyclospora - larger oocyst

What sporozoa causes self-limiting diarrhea that may last 3-4 days?

Cyclospora

What sporozoa causes weight loss, nausea, and malabsorption?

Isospora belli

Zinc sulfate flotation techniques are used in diagnosing what sporozoa?

Isospora belli

What sporozoa causes infection through consumption of undercooked beef or pork?

Sarcocystis

Free sporocysts in stool is diagnostic of what sporozoa?

Sarcocystis

What genus is a non-intestinal Sporozoa with no apparent organelle of locomotion?

Toxoplasma

What sporozoa can cause infection by consuming contaminated food/water with cat fecal matter?

Toxoplasma gondii

What sporozoa can cause cerebral calcification, hydrocephalus, microcephaly, and blindness in neonates?

Toxoplasma gondii

Bow-shaped tachyzoites in tissue biopsies are diagnostic of what sporozoa?

Toxoplasma gondii

What genus is a blood and tissue Sporozoa with no apparent organelle of locomotion?

Plasmodium (Malaria)

What sporozoa causes infections through Anopheles mosquito bites where it then enters the blood to feed on hemoglobin?

Plasmodium species (Malaria)

What sporozoa causes infections through Ixodes tick bites?

Babesia species